Outline how fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) works
-fMRI measures brain activity by detecting changes in blood oxygenation and flow that occur due to neural activity in specific brain areas (the haemodynamic response).
-This produces 3D maps showing which parts of the brain are active during tasks.
Outline how EEG's (electroencephalogram) work
-EEG records the electrical activity of neurons via electrodes placed on the scalp.
-It shows overall brainwave patterns such as alpha, beta and delta rhythms.
-patterns produce 2 states synchronised and desynchronised
Outline how ERP's (event-related potentials) work
-ERPs use the same equipment as EEG but isolate specific responses to particular sensory, cognitive or motor events.
-By presenting a stimulus repeatedly and averaging the EEG activity, researchers can identify brain activity linked to processes like attention or memory.
Outline Post Mortem examinations
-Involves analysing the brain of a person who has died, often someone with a rare disorder or unusual deficits in life.
-Researchers examine brain structures for damage or abnormalities (e.g., Broca’s work linking speech problems to damage in the left frontal lobe).
