Plantite

• Order


  A group of related plant families, classified in the order in which they are thought to have developed their differences from a common ancestor
• Family


  A group of related genera
• Genus


  A group of closely related species
• Species


  The most specific level of classification, referring to a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
• Plant classification process


  1. Sort and classify organisms based on similarities and differences

  2. Assign English and Latin names for different divisions
• Theophrastus was a Greek philosopher and naturalist, often called the "Father of Botany"
• Theophrastus was a pupil of Aristotle and was the first person to publish a classification of plants
• Theophrastus classified plants based on form (herbs, shrubs, trees; annuals, biennials, perennials)
• Herbs


  Fragrant leaves or other parts of certain plants, called "damong-gamot" in the Philippines. Examples: mint, basil, oregano, parsley, kinchay, spinach baby leaf
• Shrubs


  A type of plant that typically have multiple woody stems and are smaller than trees. Examples: roses, pomegranate, jasmine, lemon, china rose
• Trees


  Woody perennial plants, having a single stem or trunk growing to a considerable height with lateral branches. Examples: mango, papaya, ylang ylang, banaba, narra, salingbobog
• Carolus Linnaeus was the first person to propose an orderly system for classifying organisms
• Linnaeus developed the Binomial System of Naming Plants in 1753
• Binomial name


  The scientific name of a plant composed of two Latin names, a genus and a species
• Linnaeus is called the "Father of Taxonomy"
• Plant classification system


  • Sorts and classifies organisms based on similarities and differences
  • Features both English and Latin names for different divisions
• Levels of plant classification

  • Kingdom
  • Phylum
  • Class
  • Order
  • Family
  • Genus
  • Species
• Kingdom Plantae


  Includes over 275,000 plant species
• Phylum Tracheophyta


  Vascular plants, over 250,000 species
• Class Angiospermae


  Flowering plants, over 235,000 species
• Order Rosales


  Roses and their allies, over 18,000 species
• Family Rosaceae


  Over 3,500 species
• Genus Rosa


  Over 500 species
• Species Rosa gallica


  Moss rose
• Vascular plants have tubelike structures that carry water, nutrients, and other substances, examples are ferns, gymnosperms, and flowering plants
• Non-vascular plants do not have tubelike structures and use other ways to move water or substances, examples are algae, mosses, liverworts, and hornworts
• Angiosperms


  Plants which produce flowers
• Gymnosperms


  Plants which don't produce flowers
• Dicotyledons (dicots)


  Plants with two seed leaves, examples: papaya, tomato, rose, sunflower
• Monocotyledons (monocots)


  Plants with one seed leaf, examples: coconut, ginger, orchids
• Cotyledon


  A part inside a seed that looks like a small leaf, which the developing plant uses as a store of food
• Monocot seeds produce a single leaf when they germinate, while dicot seeds produce two seedleaves
• Monocots have parallel leaf veins, while dicots have net-like leaf veins
• Monocots have vascular bundles arranged in a ring, while dicots have vascular bundles located in the middle
• Monocots have clearly visible internodes on the stem, while dicots have internodes that cannot be seen clearly
• The Philippines has a total of 13,500 plant species, with 1,500 being medicinal plants and 3,500 being indigenous
• 120 Philippine medicinal plants (12.5%) have been validated for safety and efficacy
• 10 Philippine medicinal plants have been promoted by the Department of Health since 1993 and the Philippine Institute for Traditional & Alternative Health Care since 1997
• 8 global uses of medicinal plants

  • Phytomedicines and Phytochemicals
  • Nutraceuticals
  • Personal Care Products and Cosmetics
  • Spa Health and Spa Medicine
  • Culinary: Flavors and Spices
  • Fragrance and Perfumer
  • Bio-pesticides
  • Veterinary Medicines
• Sambong (Blumea balsamifera)


  Anti-edema, diuretic, anti-hypertensive, treats urolithiasis, infected wounds, respiratory infections, stomach pains, expectorant, anti-diarrheal