lesson 9

• User Experience (UX):

  • the overall experience that a person has when interacting with a product, system, or service.
  • It encompasses every aspect of the user's interaction, including their perceptions, emotions, and behaviors before, during, and after using the product.
  • A positive UX is characterized by ease of use, efficiency, effectiveness, and satisfaction
  • example: tesla model s dashboard
• Design Thinking

  • is a human-centered approach to innovation and problem-solving that emphasizes understanding the needs, desires, and behaviors of users.
  • It involves a structured process of empathizing with users, defining the problem, ideating potential solutions, prototyping and testing those solutions, and iterating based on user feedback
  • example: development of the Apple iPhone, they defined the problem as creating a smartphone that was intuitive, powerful, and elegant
• User Experience (UX):

  • refers to the overall experience that a person has when interacting with a product, system, or service.
  • It encompasses every aspect of the user's interaction, including their perceptions, emotions, and behaviors before, during, and after using the product.
  • aims to optimize the usability, accessibility, and satisfaction of users by improving the design, functionality, and usability of products.
  • It involves understanding user needs, conducting user research, creating user personas, designing wireframes and prototypes, and testing usability.
• Design Thinking:

  • is a human-centered approach to innovation and problem-solving that emphasizes understanding the needs, desires, and behaviors of users.
  • It involves a structured process of empathizing with users, defining the problem, ideating potential solutions, prototyping and testing those solutions, and iterating based on user feedback.
• Design Thinking:

  • encourages interdisciplinary collaboration, creativity, and iteration to generate innovative solutions to complex problems.
  • It is used not only in product design but also in various fields such as business, education, healthcare, and social innovation.
• in summary:

  user experience focuses on optimizing the experience of users when interacting with a product, while design thinking is a problem-solving approach that emphasizes understanding and addressing user needs through iterative ideation and prototyping.
• key takeaways:

  UX and Design Thinking form a powerful framework for creating products and services that truly meet the needs and preferences of users. By prioritizing user needs and integrating iterative design processes, organizations can develop products that are intuitive, enjoyable to use, and ultimately more successful in the market
• Importance of User-Centric Design:

  • also known as human-centered design
  • is an approach to creating products, services, or systems that prioritize the needs, preferences, and behaviors of the end users.
  • It involves understanding the context in which users will interact with the product and designing solutions that address their specific needs and challenges.
  • focuses on empathy, putting oneself in the shoes of the user to gain insight into their goals, motivations, and pain points.
  • informs every stage of the design process, from research and ideation to prototyping and testing.
• Key principles of user-centric design include:

  1. Empathy
  2. Iterative Design
  3. Collaboration
  4. Prototyping
  5. Usability
• 1. Empathy- Developing a deep understanding of users' needs, desires, and behaviors through observation, interviews, and other research methods.
• 2. Iterative Design- Continuously refining and improving designs based on user feedback and testing, rather than relying on assumptions or intuition.
• 3. Collaboration- Involving cross-functional teams with diverse perspectives in the design process to ensure that solutions meet the needs of all stakeholders
• 4. Prototyping- Creating low-fidelity prototypes early in the design process to quickly test and validate design ideas with users.
• 5. Usability- Ensuring that products are intuitive, easy to use, and accessible to a wide range of users, including those with disabilities or special needs.
• 2 types of prototype:

  1. low-fidelity prototypes
  2. high-fidelity prototypes
• various tools and techniques that can be used to illustrate the definition of user-centric design:

  1. mind mapping
  2. storyboarding
  3. user persona
  4. visual diagrams
  5. case studies
• 1. Mind Mapping:

  • Start by brainstorming all the key concepts related to user-centric design, such as empathy, understanding user needs, and iterative process.
  • Then, organize these concepts into a structured mind map to visualize their relationships and hierarchy.
• 2 parts of mind mapping:

  1. central idea or theme
  2. related concepts
• 2. Storyboarding:

  • Create a sequence of illustrations or diagrams that depict the user-centric design process in action.
  • This can help to convey the key stages and activities involved, from research and empathy building to prototyping and testing
• 3. User Persona:

  • Develop a fictional character representing a typical user of the product or service.
  • Describe their demographics, goals, pain points, and behaviors to illustrate how user-centric design considers the needs of real users
• 4. Visual Diagrams:

  • Use visual diagrams, such as flowcharts or process diagrams, to outline the steps involved in the usercentric design process.
  • Include annotations or callouts to explain each step and its significance
• 5. Case Studies:

  • Provide real-world examples or case studies that demonstrate the application of user-centric design principles in designing successful products or services.
  • Highlight the benefits of adopting this approach and its impact on user satisfaction and business outcomes
• Airbnb:

  • founded in 2008 by Brian Chesky, Joe Gebbia, and Nathan Blecharczyk.
  • emerged when the founders were struggling to pay rent for their San Francisco apartment.
  • They noticed that hotels in the city were fully booked during a design conference, leaving travelers without affordable accommodation options.
  • This situation sparked the idea of renting out air mattresses in their living room and offering breakfast to conference attendees as a way to earn extra income.
• The founders of Airbnb identified several pain points in the traditional travel and hospitality industry, including:

  1. Expensive Accommodation
  2. Limited Options
  3. Lack of Personalization
• Implementing design thinking in product management:

  • involves integrating a human-centered approach to problem-solving and innovation throughout the product development process.
  • It emphasizes understanding the needs and behaviors of users, generating creative solutions, and iterating on designs based on user feedback
• Design thinking:

  • is an iterative, non-linear process that focuses on a collaboration between designers and users.
  • It brings innovative solutions to life based on how real users think, feel, and behave.
• five core stages of design thinking:

  1. Empathize
  2. Define
  3. Ideate
  4. Prototype
  5. Test
• Stage 1: Empathize (Research Your Users' Needs):

  • empathizing with users to gain deep insights into their experiences, challenges, and motivations.
  • This involves conducting user research, interviews, and observations to understand users' needs and preferences.
• Stage 2: Define (State Your Users' Needs and Problems):

  • Once insights are gathered, teams define the problem statement by framing the user needs and pain points into actionable challenges to solve.
  • This step ensures that the focus remains on addressing the most pressing issues for the users.
• Stage 3: Ideate (Challenge Assumptions and Create Ideas):

  • designers are ready to generate ideas.
  • You’ve grown to understand your users and their needs in the Empathize stage, and you’ve analyzed your observations in the Define stage to create a user-centric problem statement
  • Teams engage in brainstorming sessions to generate a wide range of ideas and potential solutions to the defined problem.
  • Creativity is encouraged, and no idea is dismissed at this stage.
  • The goal is to explore innovative approaches to solving the proble
• Stage 4: Prototype (Start to Create Solutions):

  • The design team will now produce several inexpensive, scaled-down versions of the product (or specific features found within the product) to investigate the key solutions generated in the ideation phase.
  • These prototypes can be shared and tested within the team itself, in other departments, or on a small group of people outside the design team.
• Prototyping:

  • involves creating tangible representations of the proposed solutions, ranging from low-fidelity sketches to high-fidelity prototypes.
  • These prototypes are used to quickly test and validate ideas with users, gathering feedback to inform further iterations
• prototyping- This is an experimental phase, and the aim is to identify the best possible solution for each of the problems identified during the first three stages. The solutions are implemented within the prototypes and, one by one, they are investigated and then accepted, improved, or rejected based on the users’ experiences
• Stage 5: Test(Try Your Solutions Out):

  • final phase of the design thinking process, where you test solutions to derive a deep understanding of the product and its users.
  • Designs are tested with users to gather feedback on usability, functionality, and overall experience.
  • Based on this feedback, teams iterate on the designs, making improvements and refinements to better meet user needs.
• Cross-functional Collaboration:

  • Successful implementation of design thinking requires collaboration across different functions within the organization, including product management, design, engineering, marketing, and customer support.
  • Cross-functional teams bring diverse perspectives and expertise to the table, leading to more innovative and holistic solutions.
• design thinking: a non-linear process

  • They do not have to follow a specific order, and they can often occur in parallel or be repeated iteratively. The stages should be understood as different modes which contribute to the entire design project, rather than sequential steps
• Enhancing User Experience:

  • refers to the process of improving every aspect of a user's interaction with a product, service, or system to make it more enjoyable, efficient, and effective.
  • It involves understanding users' needs, behaviors, and preferences, and designing solutions that meet those needs while also delivering value to the business.
• Enhancing User Experience:

  • encompasses various elements, including usability, accessibility, visual design, performance, feedback, and iteration.
  • Ultimately, the goal of enhancing user experience is to create products and services that are intuitive, engaging, and satisfying to use, leading to increased user satisfaction, loyalty, and business success
• Elements in Enhancing User Experience:

  1. user research
  2. usability
  3. visual design
  4. accessibility
  5. performance
  6. feedback and iteration
• 1. User Research:

  • Conduct thorough user research to gain insights into the needs, preferences, and behaviors of your target audience.
  • This includes user interviews, surveys, usability testing, and analytics to understand how users interact with your product and identify pain points and opportunities for improvement.