CPE102

• Impairment


  Loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function
• Disability (formerly known as Intellectual Disability)


  Measurable impairments or limitation that interferes with a person's ability (physical, sensory, or mental condition)
• Handicap


  Disadvantage that occurs as a result of disability
• Exceptional learners


  Learners are different from "NORMAL" or "AVERAGE" learners. Special needs such as related to cognitive abilities, behavior, social functioning, physical and sensory impairments, emotional disturbance, and giftedness
• Learners with Special Educational Needs (LSEN)


  Refers to learners who need additional support in their learning
• Persons with Disabilities (PWDs)

  Those who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments that may hinder their full and effective participation in society on an equal basis
• Inclusion


  The act or practice of including and accommodating people who have historically been excluded (race, gender, sexuality, or ability)
• Mainstream


  Attending a regular classroom for their social and academic benefit but expected to learn the same material as the rest of the class (modifications in the course and adjustments in the assessment)
• Individualized Education Plan (IEP)


  Legal document which describes a particular educational program required and designed specifically for a child's unique requirements and needs
• Loden: 'The Diversity Wheel is useful in explaining how group-based differences can contribute to individual identities. The function of the wheel is to talk and discuss with each other and generate new points of view among each one in the group. In the two dimensions of the wheel, each individual is made aware of his/her differences.'
• Diversity


  The state or quality of being different or varied; a variety or assortment; a point of difference; the inclusion of people of different races, genders, religions, etc. in a group; the relation that holds between two entities when and only when they are not identical; the property of being numerically distinct
• UNESCO defines diversity as "people's differences which may relate to their race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, language, culture, religion, mental and physical ability, class, and immigration status."
• Loden's four principles for managing behavior in a global context

  • Respect
  • Inclusion
  • Cooperation
  • Responsibility
• Respect


  Treating others the way they wish to be treated
• Inclusion


  Making certain everyone on the team is truly a part of the team's decision-making process
• Cooperation


  Actively helping others succeed rather than competing or attempting to one-up someone
• Responsibility


  Managing personal behavior to maintain a diversity-positive environment and questioning inappropriate behavior when it occurs
• ABILITY (AND DISABILITY) AS A DIMENSION OF DIVERSITY Another dimension of diversity that is significant is the dimension of ability and disability. Diversity covers the limitless domains of an individual’s unique characteristics, experiences, and capabilities. Diversity encompasses respect and tolerance-of differences that enables a celebration of uniqueness.  
• Disability


  Not only a health issue, but also an issue that affects person's state in life and the environment he/she is in
• Disability


  Affects a person's self-identity and their perspectives of the world around them
• The American Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) defines a person with a disability as having a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activity
• The ADA definition includes people who have a record of such an impairment, even if they do not currently have a disability, and individuals who do not have a disability but are regarded as having a disability
• Types of disabilities


  • May affect one's sense or one's mobility
  • May be static or progressive
  • May be congenital or acquired
  • May be formal (affecting the shape of the body) or functional
  • May be visible or invisible
• A person's disability makes him/her a unique individual who is, at times shunned from places and activities
• People with disabilities have to be acknowledged as part of the spectrum of diversity
• People with disabilities have to be recognized as human beings who should not be discriminated against, but rather understood, accepted and tolerated
• People with disabilities have to be accorded their rights
• Disabilities have to be seen as a natural part of life and a natural part of diversity
• People with disabilities have to be perceived and accepted as people with distinct abilities
• People with disabilities have to identify themselves as having disabilities so that the world can accept them and create avenues for them to live in
• In this age of fast paced development where diversity plays a unique role, there are still challenges that confront a lot of people who have been identified as "different."
• Discrimination issues around race, gender, age and intellect still abound inspite of charters, laws, and policies that uphold diversity.
• In some workplaces, women and people of color are still discriminated against and not given positions in management or administration.
• People of a certain race are stereotyped to be of a specific character.
• A number of times, Muslims have been taken aside in immigration and interrogated.
• Non-married and same-sex couples are still not accepted in some parts of the world.
• In some schools, children with special needs are shunned with the reason that they are not ready for school yet or are not suited for the school.
• Children from indigenous groups have to go through an educational system that does not consider their ethnic background, needs, and values.
• Though there is still so much effort that needs to be put in so that diversity is accepted, respected, and tolerated, there has been progress in a lot of areas.
• In more workplaces, there are systems and processes put into place to intentionally promote diversity.