MIL - HISTORY OF MOTION MEDIA

• Magic Lantern - is an early type of image projector that projects pictures, paintings, prints, or photographs onto a surface using light. It consists of a light source, a concave mirror to intensify and focus the light, and a lensto project the image.
• Thaumatrope - is an optical toy popular in the 19th century. It consists of a disk with a picture on each side, attached to two pieces of string. When the strings are twirled rapidly, the images on both sides blend together, creating the illusion of a single, combined vision, where the brain retains an image for a short moment after it disappears from sight, resulting in the fusion of the two images into one.
• Phenakistoscope - is an early animation device that was one of the first tools to demonstrate continuousmovement. It consists of a disc or drum with a series of sequential images drawn around its circumference. When the disc or drum is spun and viewed through slits, often with the aid of a mirror, the images appear to blend together, creating the illusion of motion.
• Zoetrope - is a pre-film animation device that creates the illusion of motion by displaying a sequence ofdrawings or photographs in rapid succession. It typically consists of a cylinder with vertical slits around itscircumference and a series of images placed on the inside surface. When the cylinder is spun and viewed throughthe slits, the images appear to blend together, producing the illusion of continuous motion.
• Kineograph - also known as a flip book, flipbook, or flicker book, is a booklet containing a sequence ofimages that gradually change from one page to the next. When the pages are rapidly flipped, the images appearto animate, creating the illusion of motion.
• Praxinoscope - is an optical device invented by French inventor Charles-Émile Reynaud in the late 19th century. It consists of a rotating drum with a series of mirrors arranged around the inner circumference and a strip of sequential images on the outer rim. When the drum is spun, the mirrors reflect the images, creating the illusion of motion.