Drug effect and classification

• Meaning of the dutch word "droog"?

  Dry
• A chemical substances that have an effect on living organisms. Therapeutic drugs, which are often called medicines, are those drugs that are used for the prevention or treatment of diseases.

  Drugs
• Therapeutic drugs, which are often called?

  Medicines
• Are those drugs that are used for the prevention or treatment of diseases.

  Medicines
• It describes the drug’s chemical structure.

  Chemical Name
• It is the official, nonproprietary name for the drug; this name is not

  owned by any drug company and is universally accepted.

  Generic Name
• It is also known as the proprietary name, is chosen by the drug company and is usually a registered trademark.

  Brand (trade) name
• It is also known as the proprietary name, is chosen by the drug company and is usually a registered trademark.

  Brand (trade) name
• It is the primary effect intended . The reason the drug is prescribed

  Therapeutic effect
• It is the secondary effect of a drug is one that is unintended. They are usually predictable and may be either harmless or potentially harmful.

  Side effects
• More severe side effects May justify the discontinuation of a drug.

  Adverse effects
• It is the harmful effects of a drug on an organism or tissue results from overdosage, ingestion of a drug intended for external use, or buildup of the drug in the blood because of impaired metabolism or excretion

  Drug toxicity
• It is an immunologic reaction to a drug.

  Drug allergy
• It exists in a person who exhibits an unusually low physiological response to a drug and who requires increases in the dosage to maintain a given therapeutic effect

  Drug tolerance
• It is the increasing response to repeated doses of a drug that occurs when the rate of administration exceeds the rate of metabolism or excretion.

  Cumulative effect
• It occurs when the administration of one drug before, at the same time as, or after another drug alters the effect of one or both drugs.

  Drug interaction
• Drugs may be classified by a variety of methods:

  1. According to the body system that they affect
  2. According to therapeutic use or clinical indications
  3. According to their physiologic or chemical action
• Example: the central nervous system, the cardiovascular system, the gastrointestinal system

  According to the body system that they affect
• Examples: antacids, antibiotics, anti hypertensives, diuretics, laxatives

  According to therapeutic use or clinical indications
• Examples: anticholinergics, beta-adrenergic blockers, calcium channel blockers, cholinergics

  According to their physiologic or chemical action
• Examples: anticholinergics, beta-adrenergic blockers, calcium channel blockers, cholinergics

  According to their physiologic or chemical action
• Drugs may be further classified as prescription or nonprescription.

  1. Prescription drugs
  2. Nonprescription drugs, or over-the-counter (OTC) drugs 
• It require an order by a health professional who is licensed to

  prescribe drugs, such as a physician, a nurse practitioner, a physician assistant, a pharmacist, or a dentist

  Prescription drugs
• They are sold without a prescription in a pharmacy or in the health section of department or grocery stores. Illegal drugs, sometimes referred to as recreational drugs, are drugs or chemical substances used for non therapeutic purposes. These substances either are obtained illegally or have not received approval for use by the FDA.

  Nonprescription drugs