[PR] LESSON 1 - 2

• METHODOLOGY


  Is the data collection and analysis stage because this is the phase in which the goals for your research is fulfilled. This is the stage in which the researcher gather the needed data to answer the research question.
• OBSERVATION


  Researchers uses their senses to get a firs-hand examination of what is happening in the field that they are gathering.
• PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION


  The researcher is immeresed or is a part of the study.
• NON-PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION


  Research subects know that the researchers are present, but they do not interact with each other.
• COVERT PARTICIPATION


  The researcher is going undercover
• STRUCTURED

  There is a certain criteria on what to note (ex: behaviour of the child)
• UNSTRUCTURED


  There is no certain criteria
• INTERVIEW


  One of the most used data collection technique in a qualitative research. It provides researcher with straightforward approacehes in getting rich and detailed data regarding a specific phenomenon. Researcher asking questions to elicit response from the subjeccts.
• STRUCTURED INTERVIEW


  The researcher is following a set of question.
• UNSTRUCTURED INTERVIEW


  The questions and its order are not set. It is based from the respondent's previous answer.
• SEMI-STRUCTURED INTERVIEW


  A blend of both. Unlike in an unstructed, the interviewer has an idea of what questions they will ask. Unlike in structured, the phrasing and order of the questions is not set.
• FOCUSED GROUP DISCUSSION


  A researcher facilitates a discussion among a member of participants about issues related to the research questions. It involves gatherng people from similar background or experiences.
• SURVEY/QUESTIONNAIRED


  Is like semi-structured.
• STATISTICAL TEST (METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS)


  More useful for quantitative research. Simple mathematical processes can also be utilized for qualitative studies.
• DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS (METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS)


  Central tendency; averages of the values. Variability; how spread out the values are. There is no uncertainity - the statistics precisely describe the population, you can directly compare these descriptive statistics to those from other population.
• INFERENTIAL STATISTICS


  Uses your samples to make reasonable guesses about the larger population. It is important to use random and unbiased sampling methods.
• DATA CODING AND THEMATIC ANALYSIS (METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS)


  Involves building taxonomies, categories, or classifications within your data. Useful for thematic analysis.
• SAMPLING TECHNIQUES


  Sampling is a term in research that refers to the process of selecting samples from a population so that the samples may represent the population in general.
• POPULATION


  The entire group you want to study in research. They are a complete set of persons or objects that have the same characteristics defined by the criteria set by the researcher.
• SAMPLE


  The actual group of persons or objects from which data will be collected. They are selected individuals to participate in a research, usually referred to as respondents, participants, or subjects.
• PROBABILITY SAMPLING


  Includes techniques that provides all members in a population equal chances of getting selected. This type involves random selection of participants.
• SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING


  Every item in a population has equal chances of getting selected; may include the use of randomizers.
• SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING


  Every nth person in the population is selected.
• STRATIFIED SAMPLING


  Population is divided into subgroups then random samples are selected from each group.
• CLUSTER SAMPLING


  Divided into subgroups then subgroups are selected.
• NON-PROBABILLITY SAMPLING


  Samples are chosen based on a predetermined criteria.
• PURPOSIVE SAMPLING


  Aka judgment sumpling. The researcher's own set of criteria is the basis for collecting samples.
• CONVENIENCE SAMPLING


  Samples are whoever is available and accessible for the researchers.
• SNOWBALL SAMPLING


  A researcher starts with a few samples only. The first set of samples each recruit other participants.
• QUOTA SAMPLING

  The researcher sets a target number of participant per group.