American Colonial policy

• 3 types of government

  Military

  Civil

  Common Wealth
• Military Government (1898-1901)

  • Under this set-up, Philippines was governed directly by the president of the United States. The powers of the US presidents were exercised In

  country by the American military governor
• Military governors in the country

  Wesley Merrit

  Elwell Otis

  Arthur MacArthur
• The First Philippine Commission (Schurman Commission

  Headed by Dr. Jacob

  To investigate conditions in the islands And make recommendation
• The Second Philippine Commission

  (Taft Commission)

  Chaired by William Howard Taft

  Tasked to establish a civil

  government in the country and train Filipinos in self-government.
• Civil government

  William howard Taft - The first civil governor general.

  adopted the policy of the Philippines for the filipinos
• Frank murphy 


  Last civil governor general
• Philippine commission


  Law making body
• Philippine Bill/Organic Act of 1902

  or Cooper Act-

  Provide the extension of the united states bill of rights to the filipinos and guarantees the establishment of an elective Philippines Assembly
• Philippine Bill/Organic Act of 1902or Cooper Act-


  appointment of two Filipino resident

  commissioners to represent the

  country in the US Congress without voting rights
• Two resident commissioners(become as the filipinos voic)

  Pablo Ocampo

  Benito Lagarda
• Period of Suppressed Nationalism

  Flag law - prohibited the public display of the Filipino flag and other symbols used by the resistance against the US. Sedition law - imposed death penalty or a long term prison on anyone who advocated separation/independence from the United States even by peaceful means
• Brigandage act

  punished with death or with prison term of not less than 20years for members of an armed band.
• federal party - 


  first political party in the philippines
• Philipphine assembly


  Lower house of the philippine legislature, the philipphine commission was its upper house

  and was formally Inaugurated on October 16, 1907
• Sergio Osmena - 


  elected speaker of the house
• Manuel L. Quezon


  Majority floor leader
• Gabaldon Act

  first legislation enacted by the Philippine Assembly which allocated one

  million pesos

  for the establishment of barrio schools throughout the Philippines
• The Filipinization


  Is a gradual or general replacement of Americans by Filipinos in Government service.
• Filipinos for self government

  By 1901 Cayetano Arellano was appointed chief of the supreme court.
• Gov. Gen. Francis Burton Harrison-

  It was during his term when Filipinization was fully implemented the Philippines.
• Jones Law or Philippine Autonomy Act /sponsored by William Atkinson Jones - law that contained the preamble declaring independence would be guaranteed to Filipino.

  provided bicameral Philippine

  Legislature with Upper house called Senate and Lower House called House of Representatives

  Cabinet Crisis of 1923- happened when Governor Wood governed the country without the cooperation of the legislature
• Wood forbes mission

  Sent by president warren G. Harding for his desire to know that true state of the Philippines.

  Reported that Philippines was not ready for independence due to poor financial state of the country, bankruptey of the Philippine National bank and instability of the government.