Stem cells and cloning

Created by

dani gilbert

Cards (16)

What type of cell is a stem cell?
an undifferentiated cell
What are 3 types of cells that can be produced from animal stem cells?
blood cell, skin cell, muscle cell
Where in adults would you find stem cells?
bone marrow
Name 2 conditions that can be treated using stem cells
heart disease, cancer
What name is given to the unspecialised cell structures in plants?
meristems
What 2 ways are unspecialised cells in plants used?
increase the height of plants, increase leaf production
What are the advantages of using cloned stem cells to treat patients?
same genes as patient so no rejection, can make more cells
Name 2 social disadvantages to using stem cells and cloning
ethical, religious
What are the uses of cloning in plants?
to prevent extinction, keep rare species, creates a lot of 1 animal, resistance to diseases, increases profit, continuous prose
What is cloning? 
making genetically identical offspring by asexual reproduction
How can a plant be cloned using tissue culture?
tissue sample taken from parent
tissue grown and combined with nutrients and hormones
results in identical plantlets
mature into identical plants
How is plant cloning using tissue culture useful?
produces plants commercially, preserves rare species
Why are cattle often bred using cloned embyros?
allows better yield and better quality calves
How are cattle embryos cloned?
early embryo is a cluster of identical cells
divide embryos into separate cells
each cell grows to an embryo
embryos are transferred to host mothers
mothers are prepared with hormones to get ready for pregnancy
identical calves are born
What is the process of adult cloning?
nucleus is removed from unfertilised egg cells
nucleus is removed from adult body cells
adult nucleus is inserted into the egg cell
electric shock given to trigger cell division
inserted into an adult womb once developed into a ball of cells
What are 2 disadvantages of adult cloning? 
ethical, reduces population variation