UCSP

• Institution


  • Malacañang Palace
  • The Philippine National Police
  • Factory
  • Hospital
  • Christian church
• Institutions


  The formal and informal rules that organize social, political and economic relations (North, 1990). They are the systems of 'established and prevalent social rules that structure social interactions'.
• Social Institution

  Refer to organized sets of elements such as beliefs, rules, practices, and relationships that exist to attain social order.
• Kinship, Marriage and the Household


  • It is universal and significant element in man's social life
  • It is the first social group to which the individual is exposed.
  • Primary group
  • It is the major agent in the transmission of culture
• Types of family


  • Nuclear
  • Extended
• Kinds of Families


  • Reconstituted family
  • Single-parent families
• Kinship


  A social structure defined by relations among individuals linked by blood or marriage ties.
• Types of Kinship


  • Consanguinity or by blood
  • Affinity or by marriage
• Kinship by blood


  • Patrilineal
  • Matrilineal
  • Bilateral
• Types of marriage


  • Monogamy
  • Polygyny
  • Polygamy
  • Polyandry
• Educational institutions


  • Formal training in the skills
  • Literate society
  • Enculturation and socialization -depositories and preservers of culture
• According to World population review, the Philippines ranks 55th in 2021 and 52nd in 2020 in terms of education rankings by country.
• According to our estimates 70,679,148 persons or 96.29% of adult population (aged 15 years and above) in Philippines are able to read and write. Accordingly about 2,724,396 adults are illiterate.
• Health institution


  Primarily established to ensure public health and to provide universal service.
• According to Global health Index 2021, the Philippines has an overall index score of 45.7 and ranks 57th out of 195 countries, with a change of +2.2 from 2019.
• Types of healthcare systems


  • Traditional
  • Scientific
• Religion


  An institution that involves a set of beliefs and practices of a particular social group.
• Monotheistic


  Religions that believe in only one god.
• Polytheistic


  Religions that believe in many gods.
• Karl Marx claimed religion is the opium of the mass.
• Max weber believed that religion is a factor of economic development.
• August Comte proposed the introduction of secularization.
• Economic Institution


  The economy is an institution that addresses questions regarding limited resources of society.
• Basic Economic Problems


  • What to produce?
  • How to produce?
  • For whom to produce?
  • How much to produce?
• Market Economy


  • High level of private ownership
  • Resources of society should be determined by the market
  • Free competition
• Socialist


  • Social class that largely control the means of production would have an overwhelming control over free-market economy.
  • The successful capitalist's get richer and richer
  • The workers meanwhile are more and more exploited by the capitalists – they get poorer and poorer
  • Marx believed the proletariat existed in a state of false class consciousness
• Command Economy


  • Heavy involvement of the government.
  • Individuals have no or limited economic freedom.
• Mixed Economy


  A mixed economic system is a system that combines aspects of both capitalism and socialism.
• "Education is the most powerful weapon which can use to change the world." -Nelson Mandela
• In the Philippine setting, the major social institutions are: Family, Education, Health, Economy, and Religion.
• Quack doctors are part of Filipino's beliefs.
• Politics


  Interaction of people, whose relationship is characterized by conflict and cooperation, and who come together to solve such disagreements through binding solutions
• Political institution


  • A system of politics and government
  • Usually compared to the law system, economic system, cultural system, and other social systems
• Development of Political Institutions


  1. Increase in population

  2. Surplus of wealth and resources

  3. Greater social inequality

  4. Less reliance on kinship relations

  5. Increased internal and external conflict

  6. Increased power and responsibilities of leaders

  7. Increased burden on the population to support leaders
• Power


  • Ability to do something in order to achieve the desired goal
  • The ability to influence another in a manner not of his or her own choosing
• Authority


  Legitimate power
• Legitimacy


  Rightfulness (Latin word legitimare)
• Types of authority


  • Traditional
  • Charismatic
  • Legal
• Traditional authority


  • System that is believed to have "always existed"
• Charismatic authority


  • Presumed special and extraordinary characteristics or qualities possessed by a certain individual
  • Often seen as "born leaders" and "heroes"