Topic 6: Human Resource

• What are the 6 human resource objectives?

  • Employee Engagement and Involvement

  • Talent Development

  • Training

  • Diversity

  • Alignment of Values

  • Number, Skills and Location of Employees
• Hard HRM


  is when employees are treated as just another resource or asset to the business
• Soft HRM


  is when employees are treated as the most important resource and valuable asset of the business
• Labour turnover


  refers to the proportion of a business's staff leaving employment over a period of time
• Retention rate


  refers to keeping employees working for a business
• Labour productivity


  the measure of output per employee in a given period of time
• employee cost as percentage of turnover


  is the percentage of an organisation's sales revenue that is spent on the employees remuneration
• labour cost per unit


  measures how much it costs to produce one unit of output
• Job Design


  is the roles of responsibilities that are within that job
• Job enlargement


  gives employees more work at the same level
• Job rotation


  to rotate their employees' assigned jobs throughout the company
• horizontal loading


  adding new activities to an existing role while maintaining the same level of responsibility
• empowerment


  gives people control over their work and a greater role in decision making
• Hackman and Oldman Model


  a model that is based on the beliefs that the task itself is key to employee motivation
• Organisational Design


  The process of shaping an organisation's structure so that it meets the organisation's purpose and helps to deliver its objectives.
• Centralisation


  is where decision making authority is concentrated amongst a small number of senior managers at the top of the organisational structure
• Decentralisation


  is decision making spread out to include more workers in the hierarchy
• Delegation


  is the assignment of responsibility or authority to another person to carry out a specific activities
• Delayering


  a strategy where the organisation removes part of the hierarchy to create a flatter structure with a wider span of control
• Span of Control


  is the number of subordinates that a manager is in direct control of
• On the job training


  Employee training at the place of work while they are doing the actual job.
• off the job training


  Training that takes place away from the work area.
• Redeployment


  is the process of moving employees to a different job within the same company.
• Taylor


  that workers are motivated mainly by pay
• Mayo


  workers are not just concerned with money but could be better motivated by having their social needs met whilst at work
• Maslow


  focused on the basic needs of employees
• Herzberg


  certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction (motivators), while a separate set of factors cause dissatisfaction (hygiene factors).
• Piece rates


  a pay system where workers are paid a fixed amount for each unit of product they produce.
• Trade unions


  are organizations that represent workers' interests to management on issues like pay, work hours, and conditions
• What are the benefits of setting HR objectives?


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• Explain the benefits of soft HRM


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• Explain the drawbacks of soft HRM


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• Explain the benefits of hard HRM 


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• Explain the drawbacks of hard HRM


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