Weathering

• Stalactite and pillars etc

  
• Carbonation chemical weathering - The process starts off by rainwater in absorbing CO2 creating a weak carbonic acid, when this week carbonic acid comes in contact with limestone a chemical reaction occurs this dissolves the calcium carbonate in a process called carbonation. The limestone permeable rock has vertical cracks called joints and horizontal bedding planes.
• mechanical weathering is freeze-thaw action.

  1. Water gathers in the cracks in rocks during the day.

  2. At night, the temperature drops below 0° Celsius, the water freezes (thaws) to become ice. This puts pressure on the rock as the ice expands by up to 10%.

  3. Over time - repeated freeze thaw action causes the rock to shatter, it then falls to the bottom of the slope as scree