UTS QUIZ

• SPIRITUALITY


  Personal or group search for the sacred in life
• RELIGION


  Search for the sacred within a traditional context such as a formal religious institution
• TRANSCENDENCE

  • Vertical transcendence
  • Horizontal transcendence
• Stages of Forgiveness


  1. Uncovering phase

  2. Decision phase

  3. Work phase

  4. Deepening phase
• Uncovering phase - the stage where people explore how their chronic holding onto resentment, anger, or hate has a negative impact on their own lives
• Decision phase - involves making a choice to try and forgive
• Work phase - one tries to forgive by reframing an incident, accepting its hurt, and trying to gain an empathic understanding of why the offender acted as he or she did
• Deepening phase - stage in which one tries to gain a deeper sense of meaning as a result of an injury
• SPIRITUALITY


  Personal or group search for the sacred in life
• RELIGION


  Search for the sacred within a traditional context such as a formal religious institution
• TRANSCENDENCE


  • Vertical transcendence
  • Horizontal transcendence
• Stages of Forgiveness


  1. Uncovering phase

  2. Decision phase

  3. Work phase

  4. Deepening phase
• The uncovering phase is where people explore how their chronic holding onto resentment, anger, or hate has a negative impact on their own lives
• The decision phase involves making a choice to try and forgive
• The work phase is where one tries to forgive by reframing an incident, accepting its hurt, and trying to gain an empathic understanding of why the offender acted as he or she did
• The deepening phase is the stage in which one tries to gain a deeper sense of meaning as a result of an injury
• A very rich old lady gave you her credit card and told you to use it as much as you want to make yourself happy
• Retail Therapy


  The act of buying special things for yourself in order to feel better when you are unhappy
• Retail therapy involves elements of expectancy and surprise, which trigger an endorphin release
• Endorphins also work with dopamine, another neurotransmitter known as the "happy hormone"
• Material possessions


  Form a part of the owner's extended self by constituting symbols for personal and social aspects of identity
• "I" component of the self

  The pure ego or the thinking self, which could not be further broken down
• "Me" component of the self


  Divided into the material, social and spiritual components of the self
• Parts of the material self


  • Body
  • Family and reputation
  • Possessions such as clothing
  • Money
• The body


  The core or the innermost part of the self
• Family and reputation


  A critical part of the material self
• Clothes


  • Can express how a person feels about himself
  • Can affect attitudes and behavior
  • Contribute to the formation and maintenance of self-image
  • Means to show status in the society
  • Can provide a sense of belongingness and self-identity
• Money


  • The amount of money one has could changed the person
  • There is a direct link between having a steady source of money and having a positive self-esteem and psychological adjustment
  • Money as part of the material self has the potential to foster a sense of self-efficacy in individuals
  • Money can activate mindsets
• Goods


  Not only economic commodities but vehicles and instruments for realities of another order: influence, power, sympathy, status, emotion
• Roles of material possessions

  • Control and expertise (actual or impression)
  • Comfort and emotional sense of belonging
  • Concrete record of our achievements
  • Past or future goals
  • Mementos, souvenirs for past relationships
• Belk's 4 fundamental ways in which possessions become an extension of self

  • By controlling or appropriating objects for personal use
  • By creating tangible and intangible objects, the self is integrated into the creations
  • By knowing objects, one becomes passionate about them
  • By using money, it enlarges our sense of self because it enlarges our imagination of all that we might have and do
• Home as identity shell


  • How does your house look like?
  • What is the content of your living room?
  • Are you rich? Poor? Middle class?
• Gifts


  Used to show who you are and your status in life
• Purchasing material things


  Becomes a means in investing to what is called "psychic energy"
• Ways consumerism as an extension of one's self and identity can be seen


  • A person can create a new self or identity by using products which symbolizes certain qualities that he wants to possess
  • The choice of products and services serves an avenue for self-expression and provides an opportunity for one to show his originality and unique personality
  • Products and goods may be utilized as a means to communicate a 'message' to the society
  • Consumerism provides a person to create a distinctive sense of style which marks one's membership to a specific group
• Components of materialism


  • Acquisition centrality: placing possessions and their acquisition in the center of one's life
  • Acquisition as the pursuit of happiness: believing that possessions and their acquisition are essential to one's happiness
  • Possession-defined success: considering possession as a criterion for judging one's own and other people's success
• Pets


  • Have become parts of the extended self
  • Positive relationship between self-esteem and owning pets