Business Management

• Recruitment


  The process of encouraging people to apply for a job vacancy
• Recruitment Process


  1. Identify the vacancy

  2. Carry out job analysis

  3. Create a job description
• Identify the vacancy


  • A job vacancy becomes available when someone leaves their role or is off ill for a long period of time, or on maternity/paternity leave
  • When a business grows or changes, there may be more or completely new jobs
• Carry out job analysis

  • It is important that the tasks and skills required for the position are identified
  • This can be used to identify whether a vacancy needs to be filled or whether the tasks and duties can be redistributed to other staff
  • It is used to help write the job description and person specification for the position
• Job description


  A document that states the tasks and responsibilities of the job, such as salary, location, and hours
• Person specification


  A document that states the skills and qualifications needed to do the job
• Types of skills/qualities in a person specification

  • Essential (a must have)
  • Desirable (ideally would have)
• Internal recruitment


  When you promote or move a person who is already working for the company
• Internal recruitment methods


  • Company intranet
  • Noticeboard
• Advantages of internal recruitment

  • Fills in vacancy more quickly
  • Enhances staff morale
  • Prior knowledge of applicant skills
  • Save induction training
• Disadvantages of internal recruitment

  • Limited pool of candidates
  • No fresh injection of ideas
  • Results in another vacancy elsewhere
• External recruitment


  When you employ a person from outside the organisation
• External recruitment methods


  • National press
  • Local press
  • Recruitment agencies
  • Job centres
  • Online advertisement
• Advantages of external recruitment


  • People with new ideas can be brought into the organisation
  • Can attract large quantities of applicants more chance of getting the right employee
  • Specialists can be hired
  • Doesn't create a chain of vacancies - back fill
• Disadvantages of external recruitment


  • Existing employees who applied but weren't successful may feel unvalued-drop in motivation
  • New employee may be resented by others
  • Expensive process
  • Person is unknown therefore high chance the wrong person could have been chosen
• Application forms


  Documents created by the organisation to be filled out by potential candidates
• Application forms


  • All applications are in the same format therefore they are easier to compare
  • The application form will be compared to the person Specification document
• CV's


  Submitted or handed in to the organisation to look at by potential candidates
• CV's


  • Can be compared against the person specification
• Interview


  • Can be over the phone or face to face
  • Allows for in depth questions and responses
  • Peoples personality and verbal skills can be assessed
  • Candidates are given the opportunity to ask questions
• Candidates may interview very well but this does not mean they are the best person for the job
• Some people get nervous at interviews therefore do not give the best impression
• Personality test


  Can be used to select the person who would best fit into the team
• Skills test


  Can be used to assess a potential candidates ability
• IQ test


  Can be used to assess someone's ability to learn
• References


  When someone who knows the candidate, usually a previous employer, can give a statement on their suitability for the role
• References


  • Give the new employer a better idea of the candidates suitability for the role
• Contract of Employment


  • Outlines the terms and conditions of the employees employment with the organisation
  • Outlines the duties highlighted in the job description
  • Signed by the employer and employee
• Online Testing

  • Online tests can be complete by potential candidates
  • The HR Department can analyse the data and decide who to interview based on the results
• Internet

  • Can be used to advertise vacancies either on the Company website or online job websites
  • CV's and application forms can be turned in electronically
  • Potential candidates can be head hunted by looking through their online profiles
• Databases

  • Can be used to store the information of potential candidates such as their names and contact details
• Word Processing

  • Can be used to create job adverts and application forms
  • Can be used to type up job descriptions and person specifications
  • Can be used to send letters to applicants
• Training


  Provided by businesses to help people carry out their jobs effectively
• Induction Training

  • New employees are given induction training when they start a new job
  • Provides an introduction to their the business and their job
  • Depending on the number of people starting the job at the same time, induction training will either be carried out by 1 person (usually the manager or owner) or might involve people from different parts of the business
  • Includes: Introduction to the organization, Structure of the organisation and the employee's roles, Meeting and greeting colleagues, Health and Safety and location of facilities
• On-the-job Training

  • Training takes place within the business that the person works for
  • A more experienced employee might show someone how to carry out a task or the manager might give a presentation to a group of staff on a specific topic
• Off-the-job Training

  • Training takes place outside the business that the person works for
  • Allows the employee to meet new people and exchange ideas with workers from other companies
  • This type of training could be provided by a local college or specialist training company
• Methods of Training


  • Demonstration
  • Coaching
  • Cascading
  • Role Play
• Demonstration

  The trainee watches the task demonstrated, then completes it themselves
• Coaching

  The trainee is taken through a task step-by-step and helped to improve by a trainer or coach
• Cascading


  Cascade training is providing training to an individual who in turn provides the same training to others. Example: Employees from different departments of a company or from different companies may attend a training course, then each of them goes back to their department and provides the same training course to other employees in their department or company