Global Migration

• Global Migration A01:

  Types of migration:

  • Temporary
  • Permanent
  • Forced - such as asylum seekers or refugees
  • Voluntary - such as economic migrants

  Direction of flows

  • South-South, South-North
  • LIDC/EDC - AC
• A02 Point 1: Increase in Forced Migration in Low-Lying Coastal Regions

  Increasing global temperature > a rise in sea levels > hazards are created from coastal erosion and tropical storms > an influx in climate refugees > this is where people are forcibly displaced by adverse climate conditions > Example: Bangladesh
• LIDC: Bangladesh

  • A low-income country located at the head of the Bay of Bengal in South Asia.
  • A large portion of its land is situated at low elevations > has a high exposure to coastal flooding and sea level rise > 10 % of land is less than 1 m above sea level, and 80 % of land is less than 5 m above sea level
  • Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated countries with a population of 170 million > a large number of people are affected by these hazards > they are forced to migrate to neighbouring countries.

   
• A02 Point 1: Increase in forced Migration in regions affected by desertification

  Desertification is where land gradually degrades from fertile to arid > typically due to increased temperatures and erratic rainfall > droughts become more frequent > decreases the crop yield > leads to soil and land degradation > Example: The Sahel
• Desertification: The Sahel


  • The Sahel region is located on the Southern edge of the Sahara, where its land was abandoned due to severe desertification.
  • Communities within the Sahel region were particularly reliant on agriculture.
  • With a reduction in crop yield, the communities experienced a loss of livelihood, causing increased migration to areas with fertile land.