HP

• Health Promotion


  The process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health...a commitment to dealing with the challenges of reducing inequities, extending the scope of prevention, and helping people to cope with their circumstances...creating environments conducive to health, in which people are better able to take care of themselves
• Health Promotion


  • Enables people to increase control over their own health
  • Covers a wide range of social and environmental interventions that are designed to benefit and protect individual people's health and quality of life by addressing and preventing the root causes of ill health, not just focusing on treatment and cure
• Three facets of Health Promotion

  • Prevention
  • Health education
  • Health protection
• Primary Prevention

  Action taken to avert the occurrence of Disease. eg Immunization, screening
• Health promotion

  A planned combination of educational, political, regulatory, and organizational supports for actions and conditions of living, conducive to the health of individuals, groups or communities

  
• Health promotion

  The process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health…a commitment to dealing with the challenges of reducing inequities, extending the scope of prevention, and helping people to cope with their circumstances…creating environments conducive to health, in which people are better able to take care of themselves
• Health promotion

  • Enables people to increase control over their own health
  • Covers a wide range of social and environmental interventions that are designed to benefit and protect individual people's health and quality of life by addressing and preventing the root causes of ill health, not just focusing on treatment and cure
• Three facets of health promotion

  • Prevention
  • Health education
  • Health protection

  
• Three key elements of health promotion

  • Good governance for health
  • Health literacy
  • Healthy cities
• Prevention

  1. Primary prevention - action taken to avert the occurrence of disease

  2. Secondary prevention - identifying diseases at their earliest stages and treating to limit consequences, severity

  3. Tertiary prevention - interventions to limit the effects of the diseased or disabilities and to prevent recurrence

  
• Health protection

  Comprises legal or fiscal controls, regulations and policies and voluntary codes of practice aimed at the enhancement of positive health and prevention of ill-health
• Health protection

  • Reduces the likelihood that people will encounter environmental hazards or behave in an unsafe or unhealthy ways
  • Makes healthy choices easier
• Good governance for health

  Health promotion requires policy makers across all government departments to make health a central line of government policy

  
• Health literacy

  People need to acquire the knowledge, skills and information to make healthy choices, eg. the food they eat and healthcare services that they need
• Healthy cities

  • Cities have a key role to play in promoting good health
  • Strong leadership and commitment at the municipal level is essential to healthy urban planning and to build up preventive measures in communities and primary health care facilities
• Prevention

  Primary preventive measures eg. Immunization, exercise and secondary preventive measures eg.pap smears, hypertension, smoking
• Lifestyle

  Educational efforts to encourage preventive measures
• Preventive policies

  Chlorination of water, Inspection of restaurants etc.
• Health protection


  Implementation of work place policy eg. No smoking etc.
• Policy support


  Raising awareness for positive health protection. A commitment to positive health

  
• Health promotion is the process of implementing a range of social and environmental interventions including promoting healthy, behaviours, creating supportive environments and encouraging healthy public policies, enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health

  
• Declaration on Health for the Caribbean Communities

  1978
• Caribbean Conference of Health Promotion

  1993
• Caribbean Charter for Health Promotion


  1993
• Goals of the Caribbean Charter for Health Promotion: New approach to the promotion of the health that will strength and empower individuals and communities to control, improve and maintain physical, mental, social and spiritual well-being utilizing resources that are unique to the Caribbean people
• Strategies for Health Promotion as promulgated by the Caribbean Charter for Health Promotion

  • Formulating healthy public policy
  • Reorienting health services
  • Empowering communities to achieve well-being
  • Creating supportive environments
  • Developing personal health skills
  • Building alliances especially with the media
• Formulating Healthy Policy


  A preconceived plan that guides action to achieve healthy outcomes
• Re-orienting Health Services


  • Making health care available and accessible to all
  • Decentralization of health care services into regional health care services in the form of RHA
• Supportive Environments


  • Community health centers
  • Health visitors
  • Health educators
  • Community outreach programmes
  • Church groups
  • Recreational programmes
  • Healthy School Programmes
  • Healthy Workplace Programmes
  • Home Wellness Programmes
• Developing Personal Health Skills

  • Skills Monitoring
  • Maintaining one-to-one contact
  • Motivation
  • Reward
  • Share success
  • Supportive environment
  • Practice of newly learned skills in a controlled environment
  • Training and further education
• Building Alliances with Media to promote the Health Message

  • Printed (newspapers, newsletters, flyers, pamphlets, posters, booklets)
  • Electronic (billboards, television, radio, film, VCR, RCD, internet)
• Challenges of the Caribbean Charter for Health Promotion

  • Human Resources
  • Infrastructure
  • Finances
  • Political will
  • Development policy
  • Rate of diffusion of the health message in different communities
  • Monitoring
  • Enforcement
  • Maintenance
  • Evaluation
• What Has To Be Done? Political will, strategic allocation of resources, development of a national health promotion policy, integration of all health promotion policies into the overall policies of the Government as a measure of good governance in fulfilling the mandate for sustainable development, expansion of health promotion settings to school, workplace, recreational areas, adolescent health, dental health, mental health, HIV/AIDS, communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases, partnerships and alliances with people, communities, regions and countries
• Social determinants of health (SDOH)


  The conditions in the environments where people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age that affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks

  
• Just promoting healthy choices won't eliminate health disparities, public health organizations and their partners need to take action to improve the conditions in people's environments

  
• Examples of SDOH


  • Availability of resources to meet daily needs
  • Access to educational, economic, and job opportunities
  • Access to health care services
  • Quality of education and job training
  • Availability of community-based resources
  • Transportation options
  • Public safety
  • Social support
  • Social norms and attitudes
  • Exposure to crime, violence, and social disorder
  • Socioeconomic conditions
  • Residential segregation
  • Language/Literacy
  • Access to mass media and emerging technologies
  • Natural environment
  • Built environment
  • Worksites, schools, and recreational settings
  • Housing and community design
  • Exposure to toxic substances and other physical hazards
  • Physical barriers, especially for people with disabilities
  • Aesthetic elements
• Examples of SDOH in Education

  • Early Childhood Education and Development
  • Enrollment in Higher Education
  • High School Graduation
  • Language and Literacy
• Examples of SDOH in Health and Health Care

  • Access to Health Care
  • Access to Primary Care
  • Health Literacy
• Health Impact Assessments


  Tools used to review needed, proposed, and existing social policies for their likely impact on health

  
• "Health in all policies" strategy

  Introduces improved health for all and the closing of health gaps as goals to be shared collaboratively across all departments of government