antivirals

• interferon

  part of the human cytokine response, produced in response to a wide variety of infectious stimuli
• what is the function of PEGylate?

  allows interferon to last longer in the body
• monoclonal antibodies

  made in a labratory setting, raised against a receptor / animal / antigen
• monoclonal antibodies can neutralize the pathogen directly, usually by blocking the receptor binding mechanism
• antiviral to treat cold sores and genital herpes

  valcyclovir - prodrug of acyclovir
• acyclovir

  neucloside analoge, surpreses viral replication
• why do we treat chronic hepatitis B?

  to reduce transmission to others, prevent progression of liver disease, prevent development of hepatocellular carcinoma
• treatment of hep B?

  alpha interferon for 48 weeks
• lamivudine?


  HIV treatment, nucleoside analogue, used for interferon non-responders, oral
• ribavirin


  nucleoside inhibitor, guanosine analogue, essential medicine, hep c (co-administerd with alpha IFN)
• can ribavirin be used on women who are pregnant?

  no, its is teratogenic
• cause of cauliflower like lesion?

  papilloma virus
• what OTC topical treatment for a papilloma (wart)?

  a virucide ex: podophyllin containing topical
• treatment for viral encephalitis caused by herpes simplex virus 1?

  IV acyclovir asap
• what is the MOA of acyclovir?

  guanosine analogue, once phosphorylated it competes with native guanosine and gets incorporated into DNA. Terminates chain elongation and therefore viral replication