HATDOG

• URINE- This is the most frequently requested laboratory procedures
• RANDOM SPECIMEN- This is the most commonly received specimen because of of its ease of collection and convenience for the patient
• 50ml- This is the capacity of  urine container
• Catheterized Specimen- This is collected under sterile conditions by passing a hollow tube through urethra into the bladder
• Catheter- name of the hollow tube that is inserted through the urethra
• SUPRAPUBIC ASPIRATION- This is collected by an external introduction of a needle through the abdomen into the bladder
• THIS IS COLLECTED IN A STERILE CONTAINER - FIRST URINE PASSED
• THIS IS COLLECTED IN ANOTHER STERILE CONTAINER- MIDSTREAM PORTION
• THIS URINE EXCRETION IS THE MOST CONCENTRATED- FIRST URINE IN THE MORNING
• Clean catch midstream urine- The specimen is free from contamination
• IN THIS TYPE THE EXCRETION RATE OF THE ANALYTE CAN BE DETERMINED- TIMED URINE SPECIMENS
• Second Urine Sample- THIS SAMPLE IS COLLECTED AFTER THE PROSTATE IS MASSAGED
• Stool Container- It is covered, clean, wide-mouthed, and colorless 
• 30 minutes- The time for proper collection of stool if it is Diarrheic or watery is how many minutes
• 1 hour- TIME FOR PROPER COLLECTION IF THE STOOL IS FORMED
• 2 to 5 grams- THE GRAMS OF THE SAMPLE IN CONTAINER IF the stool IS FORMED
• 5-6 Tbsps- THE AMOUNT OF SAMPLE OF THE STOOL IN A CONTAINER IF IT IS LIQUID OR WATERY
• Microbiology Specimen- ON THIS SPECIMEN YOU MUST CLEAN THE AREA WITH SOAP AND WATER AND STERILELY DRY THE AREA, REMOVING ANY RESIDUAL SOAP RESIDUE
• CEREBRO SPINAL FLUID- THIS SHOULD BE COLLECTED IN DRY STERILE CONTAINERS AND BE DELIVERED AND PROCESSED IN THE LABORATORY AS SOON AS POSSIBLE
• Spinal tap- REMOVAL OF FLUID FROM THE SPINE IN THE LOWER BACK THROUGH A HOLLOW NEEDLE, USUALLY DONE FOR DIAGNOSTIC PURPOSES
• AMNIOCENTESIS: IT IS DONE TO REMOVE THE AMNIOTIC FLUID ON CELLS FROM THE UTERUS FOR TESTING OR TREATMENT
• ARTHROCENTESIS- IT IS A PROCEDURE THAT IS PERFORMED TO OBTAIN SYNOVIAL FLUID FROM WITHIN A JOINT CAPSULE
• Refrigeration (Advantage)- this does not interfere with chemical test
• Boric Acid (Advantage)- prevents bacterial growth and metabolism
• FORMALIN (ADVANTAGE)- Excellent sediment preservative
• Sodium Fluoride (Advantage)- Is a good preservative for drug analyses
• Commercial Preservative tablets- Convenient when refrigeration is not possible. Have controlled concentration to minimize interference 
• Urine Collection kits- Contains collection cup, transfer straw, culture and sensitivity, preservatives tube or UA TUBE
• Light gray and gray crs tubes- Sample is stable at room temperature for 48 hrs
• Refrigeration(Disadvantage)- Precipitates amorphous phosphates and urates 
• Boric Acid (Disadvantage)-Interferes with drug and hormone analyses
• Formalin (Disadvantage)- Acts as a reducing agent interfering with chemical tests for glucose, blood, leukocytes esterase and copper reduction
• Sodium Fluoride- Inhibits reagent strip tests for glucose, blood, and leukocytes
• SPUTUM- A yellowish, thick, sticky, and viscous discharge from the nose or mouth. It is never free from organisms since material originating in the the bronchi has to pass through pharynx.
• Vaginal Swab- this is special charcoal impregnated swabs, the specimen should be taken from as high as in the vaginal vault as possible.
• NOSE AND THROAT SWABS- THESE ARE USUALLY TAKEN TOGETHER, one swab for both tonsils and one for both nostrils
• Wound Swabs- Usually taken when a dressing is being changed, the same type of swab stick is used as for ear, nose, and throat swabs. the swab stick should be well soaked in the pus or exudate and sent to laboratory as soon as possible so that it does not dry out
• Bacterial examination: 20-30ml
• pleural, ascitic, and synovial fluids are collected into a sterile bottle containing an anticoagulant
• Stamey-Mears test for prostatitis : four-glass method consists of bacterial cultures of the initial voided urine, midstream urine, expressed prostatic secretions, and a post-prostatic massage urine specimen