Circulatory System

• Functions of Circulatory System

  1. circulate blood throughout entire body
  2. transport of oxygen to cells
  3. transport of CO2 away from cells
  4. movement of immune system components
  5. transport of endocrine gland secretions
• Types of Circulatory System

  1. Open Circulatory System
  2. Close Circulatory System
• Open Circulatory System


  the blood flows freely through cavities since there are no vessels to conduct the blood
• Close Circulatory System


  the blood flows through the arteries and veins connected together by capillaries
• Simple Organism


  organisms which have a two-cell layer covering, get their supply of gases and excrete wastes through diffusion. example: hydra, jellyfish
• Divisions of Circulatory System

  1. Pulmonary Circulation
  2. Systematic Circulation
• Pulmonary Circulation


  blood flows between the heart and the lungs to become oxygenated
• Systematic Circulation


  blood is distributed to the tissues and other systems of the body
• Parts of Animal Circulatory System

  1. Heart
  2. Artery
  3. Vein
  4. Capillary
  5. Blood
• Heart


  a muscle that is about the size of a fist in humans that pumps blood throughout the body
• Valves of the Heart

  1. Pulmonary Valve
  2. Tricuspid Valve
  3. Aortic Valve
  4. Mitral Valve
• Pulmonary Valve and Triscuspid Valve


  opens when atria contracts
• Aortic and Mitral Valve


  opens when the ventricles contract
• 4 Valves of the heart

  A) Pulmonary Valve

  B) Aortic Valve

  C) Mitral Valve

  D) Tricuspid Valve

  
• Artery


  a thick and elastic red-colored muscular wall that carries blood away from the heart.
• Vein


  a thinner blue-colored muscular walls that returns blood back to the heart
• The Arteries

  A) Arteries

  B) aorta

  C) carotid

  D) pulmonary artery

  E) pulmonary artery

  
• The Veins

  A) Veins

  B) Pulmonary vein

  C) superior vena cava

  D) pulmonary vein

  E) inferior vena cava

  
• Capillary


  a tiny one-cell thick vessel that connects arteries and veins together. It carries nutrients inside the tissues and organs.
• Erythrocytes


  RBC remove waste and deliver oxygen
• Leukocytes


  WBC help to defend the body against infection
• Thrombocytes


  platelets form clot and prevent bleeding
• Blood gets filtered inside the blood capillaries found in the kidneys. Useful substances will be absorbed back by the blood while wastes will be removed in the form of urine.
• The vascular system of plants transport water and nutrients from roots to the different parts of the plants
• Xylem


  carries water and minerals upward, from root to its different parts
• Phloem


  moves water and nutrients throughout the different parts of the plant
• Correct path through the circulatory system which describes the passage of blood originating in the left leg

  Vena cava → right atrium → right ventricle → lungs → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta
• Receives blood from the upper part of the body

  superior vena cava
• The circulatory system is composed of:

  1. Heart
  2. Blood
  3. Blood vessels