SCIENCE REAL

• Map


  Gives us a flat picture of the location of places on earth
• Globe


  Gives a description of how the places look on the curved surface of the earth
• Longitude


  Measures distances east and west of the prime meridian
• Latitude


  Measures distances north and south of the equator
• Meridians


  Lines drawn from the north pole to the south pole
• Greenwich England is the prime meridian
• Philippines


  • Located in the heart of Southeast Asia
  • One of the biggest island groups in the world
  • 7,100 Islands
  • Has 21 active volcanoes
• Lahars


  Mud flows
• PHILVOLCS is the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
• Active and dormant volcanoes

  • Pinatubo
  • Taal
  • Mayon
  • Bulusan
• Volcanoes considered active by PHILVOCS

  • Kanlaon
  • Hibok-hibok
  • Kitanglad
  • Parker
• Natural Resources


  Materials from the environment that man use to sustain life
• Renewable Resources

  • Forests
  • Wildlife
  • Water
  • Marine life
• Non-renewable Resources

  • Coal
  • Natural gas
  • Oil
  • Minerals
  • Soil
  • Coral reeds
• Philippine soil is mostly volcanic in origin and can support diverse species of plants
• Maria Cristina Falls in Iligan generates electricity for the nearby provinces
• Minerals


  Solid mixtures of chemicals with a set of characteristics, naturally formed elements or compounds whose particles are arranged in an orderly manner to form crystals
• Moh's Scale of Hardness


  Scale devised by the Australian mineralogist Friedrich Mohs that measures the hardness of minerals by scratching
• Moh's Scale of Hardness

  • Talc (1)
  • Gypsum (2)
  • Calcite (3)
  • Flourite (4)
  • Apatite (5)
  • Orthoclase (6)
  • Quartz (7)
  • Topaz (8)
  • Corundum (9)
  • Diamond (10)
• Economics


  Refer to the current market value of precious stones and jewels
• Fossil fuel


  Organic fuel that contains the stored radiant energy of the sun converted to chemical energy
• Petroleum and natural gas


  Formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived a long time ago
• Petroleum


  Derived from the word "Petra" meaning rock, and the word"oleum," meaning oil. Petroleum comes from oil-bearing rock
• The Philippine archipelago is located in the Ring of Fire around the Pacific Ocean
• Geothermal sources are not expected to provide a high percentage of the growing energy needs
• Hydroelectric power


  Electricity produced from water flowing downward
• Hydroelectric Plants

  • Caliraya
  • Ambuklao
  • Binga
  • Maria Cristina
  • Angat
  • Pantabangan
• Erosion


  The movement of rock and soil particles from one place to another
• Conservation


  The proper and careful use, management and monitoring of our natural resources for our present need
• Approaches to environmental conservation

  • Integrated Livelihood Conservation and Development
  • Community-Based Forest Management and Restoration
  • Ecotourism
  • Exploration of Alternative Energy Resources
• The Asian Development Bank (ADP) office is fitted with photovoltaic cells that can provide electricity to the office grounds
• Soil


  A very important natural resource
• Soil conservationist


  Helps farmers and other landowners to develop plans for conserving soil and water, recommends methods of preventing further soil erosion
• Atmosphere


  Huge layer of air that surrounds the earth
• Troposphere


  The bottom layer where the temperature decreases as the altitude increases
• Stratosphere


  The layer where the temperature remains the same, but beyond 20 kilometers from the tropopause the temperature gradually increases up to the next boundary
• Ozone gas


  Absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the sun that results to heat
• Mesosphere


  The layer where the temperature decreases as the altitude increases up to the next boundary, the mesopause
• Thermosphere


  The layer above the mesopause where the gases are too thin to absorb much of the sun's heat, so temperatures drop rapidly
• Ionosphere


  Extending upward from the thermosphere, made up of gas particles ionized (electrically charged) by ultraviolet rays