ARCH 162 METRO PLANNING

• Urban Planning


  The technical and political process of designing and regulating the uses of space that focus on the physical form, economic functions, and social impacts of the urban environment and on the location of different activities within it
• Urban Planning


  The process of developing and designing urban areas to meet the needs of a community
• Urban Planning


  The act of thinking ahead and making decisions about how cities and towns should develop in the future
• Urban Design


  The arrangement, appearance, and function of our suburbs, towns and cities. It is both a process and an outcome of creating localities in which people live, engage, with each other, and engage with the physical place around them
• Urban Design


  An approach to the design of buildings and the spaces between them that focuses on specific design processes and outcomes. It connects the fields of architecture, landscape architecture and urban planning to better organize physical space and community environments
• Urban Design


  The art of shaping the physical environment to create vibrant, livable, and sustainable places that contribute to the well-being of all residents
• Hierarchy of Plans


  • Nationals
  • Regional
  • Provincial
  • City Municipality
  • Districts
  • Neighborhoods
  • Streets
  • Site
• Prehistoric Settlements


  • Densely packed houses, organized layouts and shared communal spaces
• Mesopotamian Civilizations


  • Planned grid systems, monumental architecture and irrigation systems, demonstrating early attempts at managing population growth and public infrastructure
• Indus Valley Civilization


  • Standardized brick sizes, drainage systems, and public granaries, reflecting a focus on order and civic amenities
• Greek City-States


  • Planned grids with public spaces like the agora (marketplace) and acropolis (Citadel) emphasizing civic participation and aesthetics
• Roman Empire


  • Grid layouts, central forums and aqueducts, prioritizing functionality, defense, and public health
• European Fortified Towns


  • Walled cities with concentric walls, moats, and strategic gate placements prioritizing defense
• Monasteries and Cathedrals


  • Religious centers serving as social and economic hubs, influencing surrounding settlements with their architecture and planning
• Trading Ports and Markets


  • Organic layouts with bustling harbors, market squares, and merchant quarters
• Baroque Urbanism


  • Grand avenues and monumental squares reflecting power and social hierarchy
• Industrial Cities


  • Overcrowded slum housing and poor sanitation, prompting reforms
• Haussmannization


  • Grand boulevards and redevelopment of Paris aimed to improve hygiene and traffic flow
• Garden Cities


  • Self-contained communities combining urban amenities with green spaces
• Modernist Planning


  • High-rise towers, green spaces, and separated traffic levels
• Postmodernism and New Urbanism


  • Mixed-use development, pedestrian-friendly streets, and community engagement
• Sustainable Development


  • Green infrastructure, energy efficiency, and resilient cities
• Contemporary Trends and Future Directions


  • Smart Cities
  • Inclusive Cities
  • Regenerative Development
• Early Beginnings of Urban Planning Technology


  • Surveying instruments like compasses and sundials
  • Building materials like fired bricks and aqueducts
• Medieval Period Urban Planning Technology


  • Windmills and water mills
  • Printing press
• Industrial Revolution Urban Planning Technology


  • Steam power
  • Railways and telegraphs
• Modern Era Urban Planning Technology


  • Automobiles and public transportation
  • Electricity and sanitation
• Postmodern Era Urban Planning Technology


  • Information technology
  • Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
• Emerging Urban Planning Technologies


  • Smart city technologies
  • Autonomous vehicles