G10 English Q4

• Analogy


  Can be used to extend a definition which compares the word to a more familiar concept.
• Structuralism


  There is an underlying structure that organizes language and the way language expresses our thoughts. There is a deep structure that is universal to all members of a particular genre.
• Formalism


  Focuses on the form of the work, assuming that the text itself contains the keys to understanding the text. Interdependent parts work in harmony w/ the theme.
• Notion of Organic Unity


  Plato and Aristotle; internal consistency with which a text’s theme is developed alongside its dramatic structure.
• Historicism


  Assumes that a work is influenced by the culture and era that created it; Each text is a “time capsule”
• Pronouns


  Parts of speech that stand in for nouns to avoid repetitiveness; To link sentences to other sentences
• Three Cases of Pronouns

  1. Subjective Case
  2. Objective Case
  3. Possessive Case
• Subjective case


  Pronouns that are used as subjects or subject complements
• Objective case


  Pronouns that are objects of prepositions, direct objects, or indirect objects
• Possessive case


  Shows ownership without apostrophe
• Place pronouns as close to their antecedents as possible.
• Make a pronoun refer to a specific antecedent. Sometimes rewriting with changed word order to avoid ambiguity is the best option.
• Use that, which, and whom correctly.
• Who is used to introduce noun clauses about people or animals called by name.
• That is usually used for information that is essential to the meaning of the sentence.
• Common Points of Confusion

  1. Choosing between subjective and objective pronouns.
  2. Whether to use who/whom.
• Avoid saying “they say,” especially if this is used to introduce a key fact or idea.