dev psych diagnostic exam 4.29

• Trust - According to Erikson, this is the cornerstone of a healthy personality.
• Egocentrism - At a toy store, the 3-year-old Donald chose a toy truck as a present for his 15-year-old sister’s incoming birthday. He proudly chose the truck as a gift since he loves watching Thomas and Friends. Based on Piaget’s theory, this is an example of which of the following?
• Sudden Infant Death Syndrome - The leading cause of death in infants one to 12 months old.
• Proximity - Paolo, a married man and an OFW, found himself slowly falling in love with Yan, his co-worker in London. According to Paolo, he could not help himself but be attracted to Yan since they are always together. Paolo is attracted to Yan based on which of the following factors?
• John Bowlby - Which theorist believes that a child only forms attachment with one figure, and that this relationship will act as a prototype for all future relations of the child?
• Boomerang kids - Young adults who left home to live independently and later came back to the family home are referred to as which of the following?
• Conventional morality -Sugar dutifully obeys the traffic lights and crosses the street only when allowed because it is the law. She is in what stage of moral development?
• When an adult still has manifestations of Babinski reflex, the person could have central nervous disorder.
• Lola Dionisia just turned 76 years old. She belongs in what category in late adulthood? Old-old.
• Remote pre-retirement phase - Carl, a lawyer who just became a partner in a law firm, dreams about taking up carpentry, bee-keeping, soap making, archery, horse breeding, and bird-watching as hobbies in the far future. He wants to go to Paradise Falls and spend the rest of his life living in a house situated on a cliff to see the view. He looks forward to not waking up to the sound of an alarm clock anymore. Carl is in what stage of retirement?
• Heteronomous Stage - Based on Piaget’s Stages of Moral Reasoning, children in this stage seemed to ignore intentions and focus only on consequences.
• Integrity vs. Despair - This psychosocial stage includes finding meaning in one’s life and accepting one’s accomplishments, while also acknowledging those that had not gone as hoped in life.
• Despair - This is the fear of one’s own death, as well as the loss of self-sufficiency, loved partners and friends.
• Emotional Abuse - Which of the following types of elder abuse is the most common
• Social death occurs when others dehumanize and withdraw from someone who is terminally ill.
• Moro - This is the reflex involved when infants get agitated due to sudden noises and sudden movements.
• Piaget - Who among the following believed that children of different ages interpret the world in different ways?
• Palmar grasp - At about 4 months of age, ordinarily an infant will be observed to perform which of the following?
• Late childhood - At this stage, an individual now understands the finality of death and knows that everyone will die, but they may think that people die because of their wrongdoings.
• In his concept of birth order, Adler believed that neurotic, perverts, and criminals are often First-borns.
• Disenfranchised grief - Individuals experiencing this type of grief may suffer intensified symptoms due to the lack of social support as there are no formal mourning practices that would comfort the grieving individual.
• Honeymoon phase - Upon retiring, Carl now travels around the world and began birdwatching in Paradise Falls. He tried hiking and skiing, and he visited several countries to experience their culture — things he could never do before. Carl is in what stage of retirement?
• Concrete operational period -  According to Piaget, in this stage, children can apply quasi-logical operations to  concrete information, but they fail to think abstractly or in hypothetical terms.
• Swaddling - What is the technique used by mothers to control startle reflex?
• Attachment - As defined by Ainsworth, this refers to the affectional tie that one person or animal forms between himself and another specific one, a tie that binds them together in space and endures over time.
• Tonic neck - This is the reflex involved in the development of infant's hand-eye coordination.
• Social referencing is when infants read facial expressions to help them make decisions.
• Egocentrism - Egocentric thinking is when we assume everyone else thinks like us.
• Secure attachment - Based on Ainsworth’s attachment styles, an infant who actively explores new environments when the mother is present, clearly shows distress when the mother leaves, belongs to which of the following types?
• Complicated grief - Persons suffering this type of grief exhibit symptoms which mirror those seen in major depressive disorder and may last six months or longer.
• Anticipatory grief - This means experiencing the emotions associated with grief before the expected loss actually happens.
• Enfranchised grief - These are individuals who are free to acknowledge their losses openly, mourn those losses publicly, and receive support from others-at least within that society's accepted limits.
• Scaffolding has been defined as a “process that enables a child or novice to solve a problem, carry out a task or achieve a goal which would be beyond his unassisted efforts”
• Object permanence - An infant who accidentally dropped his favorite rattle between the folds of a blanket would not look for it because it already left his sight. Which among the following best describes this event according to Piaget?
• For some moral situations, people have strong convictions of what is right and wrong but are unable to explain why. This phenomenon is referred to as moral dumbfounding.
• Freud believed that personality was shaped and fixed by what age? 5 years old.
• Autonomous stage - This is the stage in Piaget’s moral reasoning where children now realize that bad things also happen to good people, and as such must not be interpreted as punishments from an external agent.
• Some years after his retirement, Carl decided to settle down and find activities that are less hectic and are more likely for him to do. He became an active member of the community, volunteering in charity events, and found a regular routine he can now stick with. Carl is now in what stage of retirement? Reorientation phase.
• Late adulthood - Individuals in this life stage have lower fears of death than other adults.
• Withdrawal reflex - Which of the following infant reflexes do not disappear?