ENGLISH

• Academic Writing


  • Formal mode of writing intended for an educated audience
  • Usually written in the third person objective point of view
  • Makes use of details supported by research, factual experimentation, and strong evidence
• What academic writing is NOT

  • Formal and unbiased
  • Clear and precise
  • Focused and well-structured
  • Well-sourced
  • Correct and consistent
• What academic writing IS


  • Personal
  • Long-winded
  • Emotive and impressive
  • Abstract
  • Academic journal article
  • Book report
  • Research paper
  • Summary
  • Formal essay
  • Textbook
  • Novel
  • Thesis
  • Diary
  • Fairy tale
  • Short story
• Features of Academic Writing

  • Complexity
  • Formality
  • Objectivity
  • Accuracy
  • Precision
• Complexity in Academic Writing

  • More noun-based
  • Longer sentences containing clauses are used
  • Passive voice is commonly used
• Types of Sentence Structures

  • Simple Sentence
  • Compound Sentence
  • Complex Sentence
  • Compound-Complex Sentence
• Simple Sentence


  Composed of 1 independent clause (one pair of subject and verb)
• Compound Sentence


  Composed of 2 independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS)
• Complex Sentence


  Composed of 1 independent clause and 1 dependent clause joined by a subordinating conjunction
• Compound-Complex Sentence


  Composed of 2 or more independent clauses and at least 1 dependent clause
• Formality in Academic Writing

  More formal words and phrases are used
• Things to avoid in academic writing to ensure formality

  • Colloquial words and expressions
  • Abbreviated forms
  • Two-word verbs
• Denigrating


  Unfairly criticizing
• Haughty


  Arrogantly proud
• Outlandish


  Very strange or unusual
• Patriotism


  Love for one's country
• Contentious


  Likely to cause disagreement
• Conflict


  The struggle or problem faced by the characters that adds to the excitement or suspense of a literary selection
• Types of conflict


  • Internal
  • External
• Internal conflict


  • Man vs. Self
• External conflict


  • Man vs. Man
  • Man vs. Society
  • Man vs. Nature
  • Man vs. Supernatural
  • Man vs. Technology
• Protagonist


  The main character or principal character or group of characters in a story that drives the story forward
• Antagonist


  The opposer or combatant working against the protagonist's or leading characters' goal and creating the main conflict
• Conflict statement


  A sentence that briefly states what the main character wants and what is preventing him or her from attaining that goal
• A conflict statement has 3 parts: identify the protagonist, write what the protagonist wants, and determine what prevents the protagonist from getting what she wants
• Conflict is important in a story as it adds to the excitement or suspense
• Conflict should be resolved in non-violent ways
• memories


  recollections of past events
• examples


  illustrations of a principle or idea
• Communication


  The art of exchanging messages between two or more people
• Interpersonal communication


  The process by which people exchange information through verbal and non-verbal messages
• bastions


  a place that provides strong protection or security
• Intrapersonal communication


  Communication with one's self, and that may include self-talk, acts of imagination and visualization, and even recall and memory
• Verbal communication


  • Spoken language
  • voice tone
  • voice speed
  • voice volume
• cosmopolite


  a sophisticated, widely traveled person
• debacle


  a sudden and ignominious failure
• Interpersonal communication


  The process of exchange of information, ideas and feelings between two or more people through verbal or non-verbal methods
• Truthfulness


  The quality of being in accord with fact or reality
• Accuracy


  The quality of being true, correct, precise or exact
• Primary source


  • A piece of evidence created by someone at the time of the event