Outline

• According to the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), GII measures gender inequalities in three aspects of human development:

  •  reproductive health, measured by maternal mortality ratio and adolescent birth rates;
  • empowerment, measured by the proportion of parliamentary seats occupied by females and the proportion of adult females and males aged 25 years and older with at least some secondary education; and
  • economic status expressed as labour market participation and measured by the labour force participation rate of female and male populations aged 15 years and older.

  
• Ranks: Top three countries: Norway (0.048), Switzerland (0.39), Australia (0.109).