Conclusions

• Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose became a victim of growing British repression for leading the movement for independence in his fatherland. Consequently he escaped from India and sought asylum in Germany.
• While in Germany, he became acquainted with Mr. Higuchi and Colonel Bin Yamamoto (later, the leader of the Hikari Organ), both attachés of the Japanese Embassy in Berlin. This later led to his secret journey to the Far East in a submarine.
• From then on, he put up a brave, desperate and heroic fight against the British Army in Burma, Imphal and other areas, as the leader of the Indian National Army. In this way, he secured the unalloyed devotion of all the Indian people.
• In utter disregard of his personal safety, he had lived solely for the purpose of achieving independence for India. His activities were thus motivated by his opposition to colonialism, and were inspired by genuine nationalism.
• In the Pacific War, Japan had once had as one of her major aims the "Universal Benevolence", which purported to emancipate all the Asian peoples from the tyranny of Western colonialism. This principle was in agreement with Netaji's long-cherished desire for the independence of his people. Consequently, he came to Japan for mutual collaboration.
• This was true not only of Mr. Bose, but also of President Laurel of the Philippines, Dr. Ba Maw of Burma, and Mr. Wen Weig-Ei of the then Nanking Government.
• However, the Pacific War ended in a defeat for Japan, owing to numerous errors in the methods employed and ideas entertained by her leaders. After the defeat, dark clouds cast their shadows on the way ahead of Mr. Bose. Then, while on his way to seek asylum in Russia, the misfortune occurred at the Matsuyama Airport in Taipeh, resulting in his death.
• However, his undying faith in freedom kindled a fire in the hearts of countless people, who soon witnessed the blossoming of independence.
• Buddha lived in the remote past and his influence waned with the passage of time. Besides, abundant natural blessings-particularly the warm climate-provided the people with ample food, clothing and shelter. These factors tended to make the people ease-loving and lose their pride and spirit as a nation. This might have been one of the reasons why they suffered so long under the tyrannical rule of the Western powers.
• The Indian people, however, refused to endure this tyranny unto eternity. Netaji stands as a symbol of those Indians who courageously stood up against this state of affairs, calling upon the people to cast off their sloth and slavish mentality.
• People today should cherish Netaji's fighting spirit and love of his nation, which were fundamental to the realization of independence.
• India, after becoming an independent state, had had Nehru, a man of intelligence and conviction, and other great leaders, guiding the nation through many difficulties, and playing an important role in world politics.
• The glory of independence is the fruit of the blood, sweat and tears of many patriots, foremost among whom are world-famous figures like Mahatma Gandhi, Subhas Chandra Bose and Nehru.
• A space age has begun the world over. People worship almighty science and material civilization. I believe there are many besides myself who shudder to see the world leaders using science only as a tool to further their own country's interests. Mankind needs a new leadership and a new orientation.
• If Netaji had lived, he might have been executed as a War criminal, since the pre-independence Government of India had issued a warrant for his arrest.
• Now, however, that India and Japan have both become sovereign states after going through long days of suffering and have developed friendly ties, we should pay homage to Subhas Chandra Bose who laid the foundation of what we have achieved today.
• Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was the greatest revolutionary and freedom-fighter that the Indian subcontinent has produced in the present century
• Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose passed away

  18 August 1945
• Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose escaped to Germany in 1940 via Kabul, and later arrived in Malaya in April 1943, after covering the hazardous journey lasting 63 days by a submarine
• Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose

  • He firmly believed that for a freedom struggle waged from outside two things were essential; one was a national government and the second a national army
  • He possessed an indomitable will and great organizational ability
  • He had great personal charm and inspired millions of soldiers and civilians alike, living in East Asia at the time, so much so that everyone was prepared to sacrifice his all and even his life for the freedom of the country under his leadership
  • He had inexhaustible capacity for work
  • He was held in the highest esteem by all the nations of East Asia and his views were given due consideration by the governments of the day
• Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose's last days

  1. Netaji said "Friends, in this unprecedented crisis, I have only one thing to say. Do not be depressed by our temporary failure. Be of good cheer and keep up your spirits. Above all, never for a moment falter in your faith in India's destiny.

  2. Netaji proceeded to Tokyo on 15 August 1945 for consultations with the Japanese Government

  3. Netaji's plane crashed on 18 August 1945 and he sustained severe injuries

  4. Netaji passed away at 8:30 PM on 18 August 1945
• Netaji's ashes were deposited in Renkoji temple in Japan on 5 September 1945
• The I.N.A. trial in the Red Fort at Delhi established that as a subject nation we had a moral obligation and a right to fight for our freedom
• The British rulers decided to quit India on 14 August 1947
• Many in Bharat still believe that Netaji is alive and will turn up some day
• It was mainly owing to the fiery desire for freedom kindled by Nippon in the East Asian countries like Burma, Indonesia, Malaysia and Philippines that they had emerged free after liquidating colonial rule