Intersubjectivity

• major philosophical branches that devote much discussion to the concept of interpersonal relations.


  EXISTENTIALISM AND PHENOMENOLOGY
• These philosophies relate the concept of interpersonal relations to self-awareness and transcendence.


  EXISTENTIALISM AND PHENOMENOLOGY
• coined the term intersubjectivity

  EDMUND HUSSERL
• It is most simply stated as the interchange of thoughts and feelings, both conscious and unconscious, between two persons or “subjects”, as facilitated by empathy.


  Intersubjectivity
• Refers to the shared perception of reality among two or more individuals.


  Intersubjectivity
• the awareness of individuality.


  Self
• generally refers to objects outside of personal experience; to refer to other individuals apart from the self


  Other
• live in companionship with others or a community, rather than isolation.


  HUMAN BEING IS A SOCIAL BEING
• communicate and establish relations with the environment and with other human beings.


  HUMAN BEING IS A SOCIAL BEING
• it is a relationship that creates a communion of beings through which human beings establish community.


  HUMAN BEING IS A SOCIAL BEING
• Transforms the social context but also their perspective on the existence and its meaning.


  Communication
• It also becomes a means toward meaningful existence. It is through constant communication that one can assert his/her existence.


  Communication
• one of the main ideas of Confucianism is Ren or “human-heartedness.”


  CONFUCIUS
• It is a virtue central to a man that can be found in his sociality or intersubjectivity.


  Ren
• Confucian thinking on intersubjectivity is practical humanism. There is an emphasis on human actions in sociality.
• “Do not do unto others what you would not others to do to you”, is one of the main teachings of this famous Chinese philosopher regarding intersubjectivity

  CONFUCIUS
• Jewish philosopher who introduced the “I-Thou” and “I-It” relationships to embody his philosophy of intersubjectivity.


  MARTIN BUBER
• we need to treat another person as a subject (a being different from things or objects).


  MARTIN BUBER
• We have to respect others as we respect ourselves. “I” refers to the self and “Thou” or “You” refers to others.
• This “I-Thou” relationship is the most meaningful relationship in the realm of humanity.
• He is also St. John Paul II but as a philosopher


  Karol Wojtyla
• human action is the foundation of our being.


  Karol Wojtyla
• Participation is the focus of his philosophy of intersubjectivity.


  Karol Wojtyla
• In the theory of participation, man can share himself with others. This affirms the reality that man acts and exists with others. He is a member of the community of persons, a community of “IYou” or “We.”
• Enable to experience another person’s emotions such as happiness, anger, and sadness.


  EMPATHY
• The ability to share emotions is an important aspect of intersubjectivity


  EMPATHY
• an interaction between two persons that happens through speech or the use of words, expressions, and body language.


  DIALOGUE
• pertains to the willingness of one person to be present at the disposal of another.


  AVAILABILITY
• it is a philosophical idea that signifies the genuine, original, true state of human existence.


  AUTHENTICITY
• It enables individuals to look at others equally, regardless of physical or socio-demographic factors.


  The Importance of Intersubjectivity
• It promotes a sense of community and unity among individuals.


  The Importance of Intersubjectivity
• It emphasizes that anyone can contribute to society.


  The Importance of Intersubjectivity
• The moral philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas‘ ethics emphasizes endless responsibility to Others


  EMMANUEL LEVINAS
• Levinas is concerned more about our infinite and unconditional duty to others
• It is any condition of the body or mind (impairment) that makes it more difficult for the person with the condition to do certain activities (activity limitation) and interact with the world around them (participation restrictions).


  DISABILITY
• provides that “the appropriate government shall ensure that the pwd enjoy the right to equality, life with dignity, and respect for his or her integrity equally with others.”


  RPWD ACT, 2016
• It implies that a person is limited.


  IMPLICATIONS WHEN A PERSON WITH DISABILITY (PWD) IS TREATED AS PITIFUL OR INDIFFERENTLY
• It implies that a person is being boxed.


  IMPLICATIONS WHEN A PERSON WITH DISABILITY (PWD) IS TREATED AS PITIFUL OR INDIFFERENTLY
• It implies a judgment that he/she has no bright future


  IMPLICATIONS WHEN A PERSON WITH DISABILITY (PWD) IS TREATED AS PITIFUL OR INDIFFERENTLY