Inflammatory & Structural Heart Disorders

• Infective endocarditis is a serious infection of the heart valves and heart lining. Risk factors are IV drug use, hemodialysis, and prosthetic valves
• Signs of IE include fever, Roth spots, Osler's nodes, murmur, clubbing of fingers, Janeway lesions, anemia, nail bed hemorrhages, emboli (FROM C JANE acronym)
• Diagnostics for IE include blood culture from 3 different sites, CXR, ESR, CRP, CBC
• Treatments include ATBs through PICC line, corticosteroids, antipyretics, analgesic
• Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardial sac caused by coxsackie virus
• Signs of pericarditis include pulsus paradoxus, pericardial rub, sharp chest pain, increased JVD, pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade
• Treatment of pericarditis include raising HOB >45 degree, ATBs, corticosteroids, NSAIDs, sitting person up and having them lean forward
• Rheumatic heart disease is an inflammatory disease that affects all the heart valves
• Signs of RHD include carditis, arthritis, subcutaneous nodules, erythema, Sydenham's chorea
• Treatment of RHD includes NSAIDs, corticosteroids, ATBs, aspirin, and prophylactic antibiotics