1a - states of matter

• Heating and cooling


  1. Heating

  2. Cooling
• Liquid


  • Melting
  • Freezing
  • Condensing
  • Boiling
• Solid


  • Melting
  • Freezing
  • Sublimation
  • Deposition
• Gas


  • Boiling
  • Sublimation
  • Deposition
• Evaporation and boiling are both changes of state from liquid to gas, but they differ in the conditions under which they occur
• Solid


  • Particles are held in fixed positions, forming a hardened lattice
  • Particles vibrate around a point, cannot move from their positions
• Liquid


  • Particles are close together, move slightly further apart when heated
  • Particles can move past one another and move randomly
• Gas


  • Particles are in a random/irregular arrangement, very far apart with a lot of space between them
  • Particles move randomly and very fast, bounce off the walls causing pressure
• Solubility


  The amount of a solute that can dissolve in 100g of solvent at a given temperature
• Components of a solution

  • Solvent
  • Solute
  • Solution
  • Saturated solution
• Dilution reduces the concentration of a solution
• Diffusion is the spreading out of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration