CHAPTER 4

• Media


  All the means of communication which have functions such as informing, raising awareness, education, socialization, entertainment and agenda setting, including all kinds of oral, written and visual images

  
• Media


  Means of communication (especially radio and television, newspapers, magazines, and the internet) that reach or influence people widely
• Media is the plural of medium
• In most literature, media is used as a singular noun, and is interpreted as a collective singular, similar to other collective nouns such as 'team' or 'group'
• To write 'the media is' is perfectly acceptable today, as languages are constantly evolving
• Print Media


  • Encompasses mass communication through printed materials
  • Includes all types of publications, including newspapers, journals, magazines, books, reports, billboards, ...
• Broadcast Media (or Electronic Media)


  • Kind of media which requires the users to utilize an electronic connection to access
  • Includes radio and TV, which came onto the scene at the beginning and middle of the 20th century respectively
  • Most people still get their news from TV and radio broadcasts, but experts predict that online sources will take over soon
  • Cable news has grown in importance over the past twenty years
• New Media


  Means of mass communication using digital technologies such as mobile phone, computer, the Internet, ...
• Internet


  Specifically websites and blogs are rapidly emerging as viable and major channels of communication as more and more people seek news, entertainment and educational material online
• Mass Media


  The technologies used as channels for a small group of people to communicate with a larger number of people
• Mass Communication


  The dissemination of messages widely, rapidly, and continuously to large and diverse audiences in an attempt to influence them in some way
• Social Media


  A collective of online communication channels where communities interact, share content and collaborate
• Types of Social Media

  • Websites and apps dedicated to social networking, microblogging, forums, social bookmarking, wikis and social curation
• Social Media is the leading internet activity in the world, with Americans spending more time on Social Media than on any other Internet activities including email
• In today's society, Social Media is used to keep everyone and everything connected
• Media


  • Decide how to tell stories about the world from particular perspectives and with particular facts highlighted as key
• Media


  • Produce and reproduce the meanings of our own culture, serving as a primary means of cultural transmission within a single culture
  • Create frames that we use to understand cultural differences within our own society
  • One culture's frame may impact the understanding of other cultures/nations, for good or harm
• Media


  • Construct the identities of all groups – both majority and minority – within a culture
  • Interactive media such as the Internet, social networking sites create new hybrid communities where people from multiple cultures share the same network
  • Help people manage and negotiate their own identities as they create new "in-groups" for themselves
• Media


  • Have great potential to impact or facilitate intercultural communication and to mobilize people
  • Useful in the transmission of information
  • Assist us in having our say and being heard
  • Help us have an effective rallying cry for collective action
• Mediated communication does not always take place objectively, and without bias
• Media can actively set the frames of reference that receivers (readers or viewers) use to interpret and discuss public events
• Each story can have more than one frame, though media may focus on certain frames over others
• We can use social media to make connections with people from around the world for our own better understanding, and through this, for a more unified world
• With any media we produce or consume, be aware of the types of messages we are creating and the ideas that they contain that may disadvantage or disparage people in different groups or may promote certain ideas even without intention
• Because of the socio-political impacts of media, it's important to become savvy media consumers
• Not all media messages are created equally, and it's our responsibility to rely on credible, trustworthy sources of information before drawing conclusions about people, place, or event