STS Finals Lesson 5

• Biodiversity

  • the variety of life in simplest form.

  -it can be measured on an extremely smallscale or on large scale.
• 3 types of biodiversity

  1.Genetic diversity - difference of DNA among individuals

  2.Species diversity - Variety of species in a given area

  3.Ecosystem diversity - variety of habitats,ecosystem communities
• Ecosystem


  a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment
• Threats to Biodivesity

  1. Habitat destruction

  2. Pollution

  3. Introduction to non-native species and

  new varieties

  4. Global Climate change

  5. Exploitation

  6. Overpopulation
• Several technologies which are

  available to maintain biodiversity

  1. Cell and tissue culture

  2. Advances in molecular biology

  3. Cryopreservation technology
• Evolution

  underlying mechanism of biodiversity

  Types of Evolution

  1. Macro evolution

  2. Micro evolution
• Evolution - a changed in a genetic composition of a population over time.

  Microevolution - evolution below the species level. Changed in a gene pool of a population over time

  Macroevolution - Evolution on a Grand Scales gives rise to a new species or new genera,family,class or phyla
• Microevolution - survival through the Inheritance of favorable characteristics

  *Mutation

  *Selection
• Macroevolution - progression of biodiversity through geological time

  *speciation

  *extinction
• CLIMATE

  CHANGE -is the

  change in global or

  regional climate

  patterns
• GLOBAL WARMING -A gradual

  increase in the overall

  temperature of the earth’s

  atmosphere generally attributed to the

  greenhouse effect caused by

  increased level of gases
• WEATHER IS:

  Short term

  Limited area

  Can change rapidly

  Difficult to predict
• CLIMATE IS:

  Long term

  Wide area

  Seasonal

  changes

  Measured over

  long spans of

  time
• Greenhouse effects - is the problem caused by

  increased quantities of gases
• The average temperature on Venus is about

  855° F!
• A number of greenhouse gases

  occur naturally in the Earth’s

  atmosphere

  1.Water vapor

  2.Carbon dioxide

  3.Methane

  4.Nitrous oxide

  5.chlorofluorocarbon
• Carbon Dioxide

  In the distant past, the

  Earth was much warmer.

  High levels of Carbon

  Dioxide in the atmosphere

  fueled lush growth, some

  of which was stored in the

  form of fossil fuels.
• Methane - is released by coal

  mining, landfills, and by

  agriculture, particularly

  through the digestive

  processes of beef and milk

  cows.
• Nitrous Oxide - is produced

  by cars, by fossil fuels

  used for heat and

  electricity, and by

  agriculture.
• Heating and Cooling - Install programmable thermostats.

  Check and repair weather stripping on doors and

  windows.

  Adjust your clothing instead of the thermostat.

  Keep furnace and AC filters clean.

  Consider closing off unused rooms.

  Install insulated drapes.

  Plant deciduous trees on the sunny side of your

  home.
• What can be done?

  1.Heating and Cooling

  2.Conserve Hot Water

  3.Conserve in the Car

  4.Conserve Electricity

  5.Reduce waste
• The term biodiversity was first coined by Walter G. Rosen in 1986
• The Biosphere comprises of a complex collection of innumerable organisms known as the biodiversity,which constitute vital life support for survival of human race
• Biological Diversity, abbreviated as biodiversity present the sum of total of various life forms such as plants fishes and mammals at various biological level including gens,habitats and ecosystem
• Biodiversity

  • the variety of life in simplest form.

  -it can be measured on an extremely small

  scale or on large scale.
• Types of Biodiversity

  
  

  Genetic Diveristy

  Species Diversity

  Ecosystem Diversity
• Genetic Diversity - difference in DNA among individuals
• Species Diversity- Variety of species in Given Area
• Ecosystem Diversity - Variety of Habitats, Ecosystem Communities
• Genetic Diversity - Diversity of Gene within a Species
• Species Diversity - Diversity among the species in a Ecosystem
• Ecosystem Diversity - Diversity of a Habitat of a given unit area
• Ecosystem - a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment
• Threats to Biodivesity

  1. Habitat destruction

  2. Pollution

  3. Introduction to non-native species and

  new varieties

  4. Global Climate change

  5. Exploitation

  6. Overpopulation
• Several technologies which are

  available to maintain biodiversity

  1. Cell and tissue culture

  2. Advances in molecular biology

  3. Cryopreservation technology
• Evolution

  • underlying mechanism of biodiversity
• Types of Evolution

  1. Macro evolution

  2. Micro evolution
• CLIMATE is the average

  of many years of

  weather observation.
• Carbon Dioxide

  In the distant past, the

  Earth was much warmer.

  High levels of Carbon

  Dioxide in the atmosphere

  fueled lush growth, some

  of which was stored in the

  form of fossil fuels.
• Methane

  Methane is released by coal

  mining, landfills, and by

  agriculture, particularly

  through the digestive

  processes of beef and milk

  cows.