Health, wellbeing and fitness

• health


  a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
• fitness definition

  the ability to meet or cope with the demands of the environment
• physical health


  improve heart function

  reduce some illnesses

  avoid obesity
• mental health


  reduce stress

  increase confidence

  able to control emotion
• social health


  opportunity to socialize

  co-operation

  teamwork
• fitness


  improve fitness

  reduce chance of injury

  aid the physical ability to work
• sedentary lifestyle


  a lifestyle with irregular or no physical exercise
• possible consequences of a sedentary lifestyle


  weight gain

  poor self esteem

  isolated

  poor sleep
• obesity

  person with a large fat content, caused by an imbalance of calories consumed to energy expenditure

  BMI over 30
• physical effects of ill health

  strain on joints

  cardiovascular issues

  decreased mobility
• mental effects of ill health

  depression

  loss of confidence

  anxiety

  stress
• social effects of ill health

  inability to socialize

  inability to leave home
• somatotype


  a method of classifying body types
• mesomorph


  large muscle content

  broad shoulders

  wide chest

  thin waist and narrow hips
• ectomorph


  thin and lean

  narrow shoulder and hips and chest

  not much muscle

  long arms and legs
• endomorph


  large body frame

  moderate percentage of body fat

  wide hips

  narrow shoulders, short limbs
• balanced diet


  eating the right amount according to how much you exercise. contains 55-60% carbohydrates, 25-30% fats, 15-20% protein
• nutrition


  the intake of food, consider in the relation to the body's dietary needs.
• calories


  a unit which measures heat or energy production in the body.

  expressed as Kcal
• factors that affect the amount of calories consumed - age

  under 25 need more calories

  as you get older your body replaces muscle with fat
• factors that affect the amount of calories consumed - gender

  men need more calories

  men have bigger skeletons
• factors that affect the amount of calories consumed - energy expenditure

  more exercise more calories

  more energy to carry out exercise
• factors that affect the amount of calories consumed - height

  more calories the taller you are

  larger skeletons
• carbohydrates

  main energy source

  used for different intensities

  provides the body with immediate energy
• fat

  energy source

  provides more energy than carbohydrates

  energy for long periods of time at a low intensity but not accessed immediately
• protein

  supports growth and repair of muscle tissue

  high protein diet good for sports performers
• vitamins and minerals

  maintains efficient working of the body system

  good for general health
• hydration

  having enough water to enable normal function of the body
• dehydration

  excessive loss of body water interrupting the function of the body
• negative effects of dehydration

  increased heart rate

  reduction in blood flow to the working muscle

  increase body temperature

  muscle fatigue

  loss of concentration