Medieval England c1000-c1500

Created by

Sienna Maisey

Cards (53)

anglo-saxon people had a strong sense of duty towards their community. This was why crime rate was fairly low
what is a tithing
a group of 10 men over the age of 12. they were responsible for each other
what would happen if one person in a tithing commited a crime  
the others would make sure he goes to court or would have to pay a fine for him
what is a hue and cry
victim / witness of a crime could raise a hue and cry and everyone who heard it would have to chase and catch the criminal
what was the purpose of anglo-saxon courts 
to decide the innocence or guilt of the suspect. additionaly to decide the guilty criminals punishments (these were held in public)
what was a shire reeve
a local man who made sure any punishment was carried out
what would happen in an anglo saxon court if a jury couldnt decide the suspects guilt 
they were sent to the church for a trial by ordeal to let god chose
what was a major religios factor of anglo saxon justice system
swearing oaths
continuitys of anglo saxon law enforcement to the norman law enforcement (3) 
tithings
hue and cry
court systems
changes from the anglo saxon law enforcement to the norman law enforcement (2) 
foresters, who enfoced forest laws
trial by combat (a fight to the death to settle disputes)
when was trial by ordeal and trial by combat abolished
1215
who led hue and crys from 1250s
parish constables
how did the role of the sheriff expand 
he had to track down criminals if not found via hue and cry
what was the sheriff allowed to do from 1285
allowed to form a posse of men to help track criminals
what year did richard appoint knights in some unrully areas
1195
what year did edward II extend knights to all areas
1327
what were types of mediavle punishments (4)

Fines
humiliation (stocks)
corporal (maiming, flogging)
capital (hanging, beheading)
Anglo-Saxon punishments 
Fines compensation to victims this was called the saxon wergild corporal punishment was fairly common and capitial was rarely used
norman puishments 
use of capital and corpral punishment drastically increased breaking forest laws could lead to castration, blinding and hanging wergild system ended and fines were paid to the king very minor crimes punished by whipping or time in the stocks
later medieval punishment 
capitial punishment gradually decreased corporal punishment widly used fines became more common
do social status effect punishment (give wergild + execution example) 
yes the anglo-saxon werguild was more expensive for nobles,

commoners were hanged and nobles were beheaded.
how did the normans change their punishments to minmise resistance 
made them harsher and carried them out in public
how could people claim beifit of the clergy
reading a passeage from the bible
why was the beifit of the clergy significant
it showed the justice system was not equal
because punishments in curch courts were more linent
why did people want to claim beifit of the clergy
because punishments in curch courts were more linent
what happend when someone claimed sanctuary 
they either had to sware an oath to leave the court within 40 days or go to court
what was trial by ordeal seen as
Gods judgement
when did the pope order trial by ordeal to end
1215
Poaching is a form of theft that increased dramatically after the Forrest Laws
What was the murdrum fine 
a fine that was paid by the hundred if an anglo-saxon murderd a norman and the culprit wasnt found
After 1066 the importance of the king making laws grew as his authority increased.
What 3 eras did the medieval time period cover 
The end of the Anglo-Saxon era
Norman England
medieval England
What is a Crime
A 'crime' is an activity that brakes the laws
Where laws written down in the Anglo-Saxon era
no
What is a hundred
an area of land
how many people did william kill indirectly involved in rebelions
estimation of
100, 000
More serious crimes were punished harsher
Poaching is a social crime
People had to chose between starving or breaking the law after the Forrest laws were introduced