PT. 1 UCSP

• Religion


  A powerful institution connecting individuals to a transcendent reality.
• Church


  Claims exclusive truth about salvation.
• Sect


  Perceives itself as unique truth owner, a minority in society.
• Denomination


  Oriented towards cooperation with similar denominations.
• Cults


  Considered deviant groups within society.
• Syncretism


  Promotes growth of folk religion differing from parent religion.
• Split-level Christianity


  Coexistence of inconsistent thought-and-behavior systems in one person.
• Goddess feminism


  Viewing the earth as the sacred body of the Goddess.
• Peter L. Berger


  Summarized secularism thesis on decline of religion with modernization.
• Secularization Thesis


  Predicts decline of traditional religions like Christianity due to secular humanism.
• Dualism


  Fundamentalist groups separating from mainstream church.
• Christian Fundamentalism


  Reaction against science's triumph over spiritual values.
• Basic Ecclesial Communities (BECs)


  Raised poor's consciousness to fight for their rights.
• Education


  Transmitting knowledge, beliefs, and skills across generations.
• Horace Mann


  Believed education could cure social ills, equalizing society.
• Credentialism


  Relying on earned credentials for social status over actual skills.
• Cultural Capital


  Acquired in family and academia, influencing social status.
• Pierre Bourdieu


  Analyzed reproduction of inequalities in higher education.
• Restricted linguistic code


  Disadvantageous to lower-class students in formal education.
• Elaborated code


  Allows formal and abstract reasoning, common among middle-class children.
• Knowledge-Economy


  Enabled by educational technologies supporting information use.
• Educational Reforms


  Provide new knowledge and skills to enhance labor productivity.
• Internationalization


  Involves relationships between countries, adapting to the knowledge economy.
• Managerialism


  Applying corporate logic to educational systems.
• Multicultural Education


  Promotes educational equality for diverse groups.
• Culture of Poverty


  Describes poverty's damaging effects on slum dwellers.
• Class


  Relations based on economic divisions and means of production.
• Bourgeoisie


  Owns and monopolizes means of production in capitalism.
• Proletariat


  Sells labor power, lacking means of production.
• Status


  Differentiation of groups in social honor and standing.
• Caste


  Closed system with ascribed membership and limited social contact.
• Social Mobility


  Allows movement between social strata.
• Social Capital


  Resources from group membership and relationships.
• Habitus


  Personal dispositions shaped by forms of capital and family background.
• Core Industrial Countries


  Do capital-intensive, high-value-adding production.
• Peripheral Societies


  Do labor-intensive, low-value-adding production.
• Neoliberalism


  A plural set of ideas, not a singular economic theory.
• Productivist Paradigm


  Advocates continuous growth without limits on resources.