ملف قمر

• Syphilis


  Painless genital chancre/ulcer (resolves in 2-6w w/out treatment), risk is same for pregnancy in any stage, 1ary causes 1ary lesion, latent is not contagious, secondary is most infective, most common thru sexual then direct contact (i.e. kiss)
• Salmonella


  Chicken, egg, poultry
• Corynebacterium jeikeium


  Coryne + HIV, club shaped, resistant to antimicrobial
• Corynebacterium diphtheria


  Club shaped, pseudomembrane, travel to tropics, punched out ulcer, gm +ve, immunochromatographic strip assay to test toxigenicity, most common site= tonsil
• Tuberculosis (TB)


  Virulent strains form serpentine arrangement, extrapulmonary is LN disease, resp. Droplet transmission
• Neisseria meningitidis


  Petechial rash, meningitis, photophobia, neck rigidity
• Neisseria gonorrhoeae


  Sequela is infertility, swollen red hot joints in man, gm -ve, oxidase +ve, urinary symptoms in women, unprotected sex, treat w/500 mg IM ceftriaxone
• Mycobacterium leprae


  Lepromatic leprosy - -ve lepromin skin test
• Mycoplasma pneumoniae


  Atypical pneumonia
• Clostridium botulinum


  Blurred vision/diplopia, canned food, food not cooked well, GI illness, muscle paralysis, vomit diarrhea after 3 hours
• Clostridium tetani


  Tetanus w/first symptom of lockjaw
• Clostridium perfringens


  Gas gangrene, can progress to toxemia & shock
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa


  Antimicrobial resistance + blue/green discharge, hospital acquired
• Cholera


  Watery diarrhea, gm-ve curved rod, produces mucinase enzyme, 139 O antigen, non bloody, voluminous, painless diarrhea
• Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRSA)


  Use vancomycin
• Streptococcus agalactiae


  Infant, neonatal sepsis, beta hemolysis, chain gm +ve
• Staphylococcus epidermidis


  Central venous line, fever, biofilm, sepsis, catalase +ve, coagulase -ve, prosthetic
• Streptococcus viridans


  Optochin resistant, heart valve infection, catalase -ve, gm +ve, alpha hemolysis
• Streptococcus pneumoniae


  Pneumonia, optochin sensitive, B-lactam resistance by modification of target site
• Staphylococcus aureus


  Foodborne, coughing, sneezing, boil on eye, catalase/coagulase +ve
• Staphylococcus aureus Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)


  Young age, abdominal pain, muscle pain, diarrhea, contaminated tampon
• Streptococcus pyogenes


  Edema, hematuria, proteinuria, sore throat/impetigo history
• Chlamydia trachomatis


  Cytoplasmic inclusions w/giemsa stain, male urethral discharge mild and absent in 50% cases
• Pseudomonas


  Gm -ve, non lactose fermenting
• Treponema pallidum produce hyaluronidase
• Latent tuberculosis


  Positive PPD, -ve X-ray, no symptoms
• Streptococcus pyogenes rheumatic fever

  Rheumatic endocarditis or mitral incompetence w/heart failure, SOB, palpitation, URTI, cardiomegaly, ECG prolonged PR interval, ST & T wave changes, aschoff nodule
• Bordetella pertussis


  Complication is pneumonia, virulence thru tracheal exotoxin, pertussis toxin
• Haemophilus influenzae B


  Causes child meningitis
• Salmonella paratyphi


  Typhoid fever w/short mild abrupt course, acute enteritis
• Salmonella typhi causes relative bradycardia
• Tick borne typhus


  18yr, fever, pneumonia, encephalitis, eschar lesion
• Helicobacter pylori


  Skirrow's medium, gastric cancer
• Escherichia coli enterotoxigenic


  Non bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, trip in middle east
• Proteus mirabilis


  HTN, DM, UTI, fever, swarming, stone
• Brucella


  Treat w/strepto 1g 14d & doxy 100mg 2.d for 45d
• Borrelia recurrentis


  Endemic relapsing fever
• Vibrio/cholera


  Rice water stool, fluid/electrolyte replacement is key, severe diarrhea, fast heart rate, dehydration
• Bacillus anthracis


  Animal contact, back eschar
• Shigella is acid stable and has a low infective dose