ground school

• Thrust is managed to maintain IAS, and glide slope is being flown. What characteristics should be observed when a headwind shears to be a constant tailwind?

  PITCH ATTITUDE: decreases; REQUIRED THRUST: increased, then reduced; VERTICAL SPEED: increases; IAS: decreases, then increases to approach speed
• Which family of clouds is least likely to contribute to structural icing on an aircraft?


  High clouds
• Which thunderstorms generally produce the most severe conditions, such as heavy hail and destructive winds?


  Squall line
• Where do squall lines most often develop?

  Ahead of a cold front
• Which clouds have the greatest turbulence?


  Cumulonimbus
• What type of clouds will be formed if very stable moist air is forced up slope?

  Stratified clouds with little vertical development
• What autopilot function should you turn off if icing is suspected?

  Turn autopilot off
• Which feature is associated with the tropopause?

  Abrupt change in temperature lapse rate
• The general characteristics of unstable air are

  Good visibility, showery precipitation, and cumuliform-type clouds
• What are the characteristics of stable air?

  Poor visibility, steady precipitation, and stratus-type clouds
• (Refer to Figure 13) If involved in a microburst encounter, in which aircraft positions will the most severe downdraft occur?

  3 and 4
• (Refer to Figure 13) The aircraft in position 3 will experience which effect in a microburst encounter?

  Strong downdraft
• (Refer to Figure 13) What effect will a microburst have upon the aircraft in position 4?

  Strong tailwind
• (Refer to Figure 13) How will the aircraft in position 4 be affected by a microburst encounter?

  Performance decreasing with a tailwind and downdraft
• When climbing or descending through a temperature inversion or an area of possible wind shear, the pilot should be aware of

  A rapid change of airspeed
• Maximum downdrafts in a microburst encounter may be as strong as

  6,000 feet per minute
• A high cloud is composed mostly of

  ice cyrstals
• An air mass is a body of air that

  Covers an extensive area and has fairly uniform properties of temperature and moisture
• Expect clear ice to form on the leading edge of airfoils when

  Temperature are close to freezing, there is a large volume of liquid water precipitation, and the aircraft is at high airspeeds
• A common type of ground or surface based temperature inversion is that which is produced by

  Ground radiation on clear, cool nights when the wind is light
• The formation of frost on an airplane wing will cause

  A disruption of the smooth airflow over the wind
• What is indicated by the term “embedded thunderstorms”?

  Thunderstorms are obscured by massive cloud layers and cannot be seen
• A jet stream is defined as wind of

  50 knots or greater
• The suffix “nimbus”, used in naming clouds, means a

  Rain cloud
• During an IFR cross-country flight you picked up rime icing which you estimate is ½” thick on the leading edge of the wings. You are now below the clouds at 2,000 feet AGL and are approaching your destination airport under VFR. Visibility under the clouds is more than 10 miles, winds at the destination airport are 8 knots right down the runway, and the surface temperature is 3C. You decide to:

  Use a faster than normal approach and landing speed
• During the life cycle of a thunderstorm, which stage is characterized predominantly by downdrafts?

  Dissipating
• Which is a characteristic of low-level wind shear as it relates to frontal activity?

  With a warm front, the most critical period is before the front passes the airport
• The station originating the following weather report has a field elevation of 1,300 feet MSL. From the bottom of the overcast cloud layer, what is its thickness? (tops of OVC are reported at 3,800 feet) 

  SPECI KOKC 2228Z 28024G36KT 3/4SM BKN008 OVC020 28/23 A3000


  500 feet
• (Refer to Figure 7) What weather conditions are depicted within area 1?

  Moderate turbulence from below FL250 up to FL360
• Which meteorological conditions are depicted by a prognostic chart?

  Conditions forecast to exist at a specific time shown on the chart
• What does a Convective Outlook (AC) describe for a following 24 hour period?

  Areas of slight, moderate, or high risk of severe thunderstorms
• What is the forecast wind at 1800Z in the following TAF?

  KMEM 091740Z 1818 00000KT 1/2SM RAFG OVC005=

  Calm
• (Refer to Figure 261) The precipitation type forecast to occur over southern ND (area C) is

  Freezing rain
• (Refer to Figure 7) What type of weather can be expected in the red scalloped area near area 9?

  Isolated embedded cumulonimbus with tops at FL330
• (Refer to Figure 95) What is the lateral displacement of the aircraft in NM from the radial selected on the No. 1 NAV?


  5.0 NM
• Full scale deflection of a CDI occurs when the course deviation bar or needle

  Deflects from the center of the scale to either far side of the scale
• During IFR en route and terminal operations using an approved GPS system for navigation, ground based navigational facilities

  Must be operational along the entire route
• (Refer to Figures 65 and 66) What is your position relative to GRICE intersection?

  Right of V552 and approaching GRICE intersection
• Which distance is displayed by the DME indicator?

  Slant range distance in NM
• The lighter workloads associated with glass (digital) flight instrumentation 


  May lead to complacency by the flightcrew