idk

• Existing cells


  Where do all cells come from?
• Carrying Capacity


  The maximum population of a particular organism that a given environment can support without detrimental effects
• Gamete


  a mature sexual reproductive cell, as a sperm or egg, that unites with another cell to form a new organism.
• Zygote


  the cell produced by the union of two gametes, before it undergoes cleavage.
• Embryo


  the young of a viviparous animal, especially of a mammal, in the early stages of development within the womb, in humans up to the end of the second month
• Punnett Square


  a type of grid used to show the gametes of each parent and their possible offspring; a type of grid that can indicate all the possible outcomes of a genetic cross
• Phenotype


  The expression of a specific trait based on genetic and environmental influences.
• Genotype


  the genetic makeup of an organism or group of organisms with reference to a single trait, set of traits, or an entire complex of traits.
• Allele


  any of several forms of a gene, usually arising through mutation, that are responsible for hereditary variation.
• Homozygous


  having identical pairs of genes for any given pair of hereditary characteristics
• Heterozygous


  having dissimilar pairs of genes for any hereditary characteristic
• Dominant Trait


  a trait that will appear in the offspring if one of the parents contributes it
• Recessive Trait


  a trait that mustt be contributed by both parents in order to appear in the offspring
• Nondisjunction


  the failure of chromosomes to separate and segregate into daughter cells at division
• Mutation


  a sudden change different than the parent type in one or more heritable characteristics, caused by a change in a gene or a chromosome
• Genetic Engineering


  the development and application of scientific methods, procedures, and technologies that permit direct manipulation of genetic material in order to alter the hereditary traits of a cell, organism, or population
• Recombinant DNA


  DNA in which one or more segments or genes have been inserted, either naturally or by laboratory manipulation, from a different molecule or from another part of the same molecule, resulting in a new genetic combination
• Transcription


  The process by which mRNA is synthesized from a DNA template resulting in the transfer of genetic information from the DNA molecule to mRNA
• Replication


  the process by which exact copies of complex molecules, such as DNA molecules, that occurs during growth of living organisms
• Traslation


  The process by which mRNA, tRNA, and ribosomes effect the production of a protein molecule from amino acids, the specificity of synthesis being controlled by the base sequences of the mRNA
• Ecosystem


  the interaction of a community of organisms with their environment
• Producer


  An autotrophic organism that serves as a source of food for other organisms in a food chain. Producers include green plants, which produce food through photosynthesis, and certain bacteria that are capable of converting inorganic substances into food through chemosynthesis
• Anterior


  The front surface of the body
• Posterior


  Near the tail end of the body
• Chemoautotroph


  an organism that depends on inorganic chemicals for its energy and principally on carbon dioxide for its carbon
• Dichotomous Key


  used to identify a plant or animal in which each stage presents descriptions of two distinguishing characters, with a direction to another stage in the key, until the species is identified
• Binomial Nomenclature


  a system for naming plants and animals by means of two Latin names: the first indicating the genus and the second the species to which the organism belongs
• Autotroph


  any organism capable of self-nourishment by using inorganic materials as a source of nutrients and using photosynthesis or chemosynthesis as a source of energy
• Taxon


  A taxonomic category or group, such as a phylum, order, family, genus, or species
• chemosynthesis


  the formation of organic material by certain bacteria using energy derived from simple chemical reactions
• taxonomy


  the science dealing with the description, identification, naming, and classification of organisms
• Prokaryote


  any cellular organism that has no nuclear membrane, no organelles in the cytoplasm except ribosomes, and has its genetic material in the form of single continuous strands forming coils or loops
• Eukaryote


  any organism having as its fundamental structural unit a cell type that contains specialized organelles in the cytoplasm, a membrane-bound nucleus enclosing genetic material organized into chromosomes, and an elaborate system of division by mitosis or meiosis
• Exoskeleton


  A hard, protective outer body covering of an animal, such as an insect, crustacean, or mollusk
• Endoskeleton


  The internal supporting framework of humans and other vertebrates, usually made of bone
• Dorsal


  Relating to or on the back or upper surface of an animal
• Ventral


  Relating to or on the front or lower surface of an animal
• Aerobic Respiration


  a type of respiration in which oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide and water are produced
• Anaerobic Respiration


  an incomplete intracellular breakdown of sugar or other organic compounds in the absence of oxygen that releases energy; cellular respiration in the absence of oxygen
• Pollution


  The contamination of air, water, or soil by substances that are harmful to living organisms