Kingdom Animalia

• Kingdom animalia


  part of domain eukarya
• Animal attributes

  • heterotrophic
  • made of eukaryotic cells
  • no cell walls
  • multicellular
• body plan


  arrangement of physical features that contribute to structure and form
• bilateral symmetry


  can be divided by a plane through its center to create mirror images
• radial symmetry


  have no left and right sides and can be divided by a plane through their center in several places to form mirror images
• no symmetry


  asymmetrical
• Animal Attributes

  • Nutrition
  • Support
  • Respiration
  • Reproduction
  • Circulation
  • Movement
• nutrition


  all animals need food for growth and energy
• how do animals get nutrients?

  • ingestion of food
  • breaking down food by digesting
  • egesting waste products
  • excreting nitrogenous waste produced during digestion through urinating
• respiration

  • animals need to exchange gases in order to keep life processes going
  • they have organs for inhaling air and exhaling carbon dioxide as a waste product
• circulation


  animals transport materials through their bodies to get nutrients to where they're needed (e.g. blood)
• movement


  animals have locomotion using appendages, some are sessile
• support


  animals have no cell walls, therefore they need skeletons
• hydrostatic skeleton


  some aquatic animals use their watery environment to fill cavities in their body for support. collagen is an important part
• endoskeleton


  skeleton inside the body
• exoskeleton


  stiff outer covering
• reproduction


  animals can reproduce their own kind sexually, asexually ,or both
• invertebrates

  • no backbone
  • cover 30 phyla
  • 97% of animals
• vertebrates

  • have backbone
  • phylum chordata
• endothermic

  • uses metabolism and complex internal systems to maintain homeostasis and regulate temperature
  • have insulating layer (e.g. feathers)
  • different temperature with their environment
• ectothermic

  • uses behavior to regulate temperature
  • body temperature is near to environment temperature
  • cold blooded
• torpor


  a temporary hibernation, both ecto and endothermic animals slow down bodily processes to drop temperature and escape extreme temperatures
• zygotes undergo division to form a ball of cells called blastula
• blast pore


  a bunch of hole where cells from the wall of blastula go through to get inside of blastula
• what is formed because of the inward movement of cells into the blastula?

  germ layers
• germ layers


  layers of cells that influence the structure and processes of the body
• germ layers

  • ectoderm
  • mesoderm
  • endoderm
• ectoderm

  forms outer layer including outer covering and related systems
• mesoderm

  middle layer, muscle and circulatory system
• endoderm

  inner layer, forms digestive track
• radial animals

  2-3 germ layers
• bilateral animals

  3 germ layers, have cephalization
• cephalization


  concentration of sensory and nerve cells (e.g. mouth at head, anus at rear end)
• external fertilization


  egg is fertilized outside of mother's body
• internal fertilization


  egg is fertilized inside of mother
• oviparous


  zygote develops in an egg
• ovoviviparous


  zygote develops inside an egg inside of mother's body
• viviparous


  develops inside of mother's womb
• behavior


  ways an animal responds to environment
• instinct 


  built-in response to the environment