DECK ni uts na pang midterms

• love


  the greek word "philos" means?
• wisdom


  the greek word "sophia" means?
• philosophy


  is an activity people undertake when they seek to understand fundamental truths about themselves, the world in which they live, and their relationships to the world and to each other.
• philosophy


  - seeking to know the truth.

  - it is the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge.
• Socrates


  - stonemason with a sharp mind, a brilliant debater and was idolized by many Athenians.

  - one of the big three and is considered to be the main source of western thought.
• sophist


  they are the first teachers of the west.
• athens


  it was the center of the western thought.
• Socrates


  his human view of nature is "the unexamined life is not worth living."
• Socrates


  according to him, the touching of the soul, may mean helping the person to get in touch with his true self.
• Socratic Method


  - also known as the dialectic method.

  - it involves asking a series of wuestions seeking to find consistency and point out contradiction.
• Plato


  his real name is Aristocles and established a school known as "The Academy."
• Plato


  "Love is the force that paves the way for all beings to ascend to higher stages of self-realization and perfection."

  "Love is the way of knowing and realizing the truth. Love is a process of seeking higher stages of being. The greater the love, the more intellectual component it will contain."
• allegory of the cave


  it is about the existence of two worlds or experiences. it is about two radically different states of conciousness and awareness, or two radically different life perspectives. The "cave" or "cavic existence" is the physical and the sensible world.
• theory of forms


  for
• forms


  refers to what are real they are not objects that are encountered with the senses but can only be grasped intellectually.
• 1. ageless and therefore eternal

  2. unchanging and therefore permanent

  3. unmoving and indivisible


  what are the characteristics of plato's form?
• the realm of the shadows


  composed of changing, sensible things which are lesser entities and therefore imperfect and flawed.
• the realm of forms


  composed of eternal things which are permanent and perfect. It is the source of all reality and true knowledge.
• Plato


  his view of human nature is that "knowledge lies within the person's soul. he believed that humans have the immortal, rational soul which is created in the image of the divine.
• the reason


  component of soul, rational and is the motivation for goodness and truth.
• the spirited


  component of soul, non-rational and is the will or the thrive toward action.
• the appetites


  component of soul, irrational and lean towards the desire for pleasures of the body.
• St. Augustine of Hippo

  a christian philosopher and his concerns mainly focuses with God and man's relationship with God.
• greek philosophy & christian philosophy

  __________ believe that man is innately good and becomes evil through ignorance of what is good.

  __________ rely on God's command and His judgement determines what is good and what is evil.
• 1. sin of greed

  2. sin of jealousy

  3. sin of pride

  4. real happiness

  Guess their sins:

  1. love of physical objects

  2. love for other people

  3. love for the self

  4. love for God
• Rene Descartes (1596-1650)


  - known as the "father of modern philosophy."

  - introduced the Cartesian Method and invented
• intuition


  descartes system, the human mind has the ability to apprehend direction of certain truths.
• deduction


  descartes system, the human mind has the power to discover what is not known by progressing to an orderly way from what is already known. truth are arrived at using a step by step process.
• Rene Descartes


  he believed that philosophy should progress from simple ideas to complex ideas.
• Rene Descartes


  - to doubt is to think.

  - cogito ergo sum - i think therefore i am
• The Mind-Body Problem


  this is the issue that philosopher's up today are still trying their best to resolve.
• soul/mind (self) - according to descartes


  a substance that is separate from the body.
• body


  is like a machine that is controlled by the will and aided by the mind.
• John Locke


  - his interest is the acquisition of knowledge.

  - posteriori and tabula rasa

  - his view of human nature is "nothing exists in the mind that was not first in the senses."
• Posteriori


  knowledge results from ideas produced by experience.
• tabula rasa


  blank slate (the human mind at birth)
• law of opinion


  a law where actions are praiseworthy are virtues and those that are not called vice.
• civil law


  a law where right actions are enforced by people in authority.
• Divine Law


  law that are set by God on the actions of man. it is deemed to be the true law for human behavior.
• David Hume (1711-1776)


  - he discovered the limitations of the mind and his optimism turn into skepticism.

  - at the time he was enrolled at the University of Edinburgh, he lost his faith.

  - born in Edinburgh, Scotland