MAPEH 9 ARTS

• The three type of drama are Tragedy, Comedy and Satyr
• Tragedy - (a component of two Greek words tragos or "goat" and "won" meaning ode or song) was the most admired type of play. It dealt with tragic events and have an unhappy ending especially one concerning the downfall of the main character. Thepsis was the first actor and introduced the use of masks and was called the "Father of Tragedy"
• Comedy - the plays were derived from imitations; there were no traces of their origin. Aristophanes wrote most of the comedy plays
• Satyr - These plays contains comic elements to lighten the overall mood or a serious play with a happy ending. This is a short, lighthearted tailpiece performed after each trilogy of tragedies
• Greek Theatre - European theater began in Ancient Greece. It began around 700 BC with festival honoring their gods, Dionysus (Di-on-i-sus), the god of wine and fertility, has religious festivals called "The Culf of Dionysus" to honor him
• The theater building was called Theatron. It is a large, open-air structures constructed on the sloped of hills and consisted of three main elements: the orchestra, the skene and the audience
• The Greek Theater (Epidauros)

  A) Orchestra

  B) Theatron

  C) Skene

  D) Parodos

  E) Parodos

  
• Parados - An entranceway leading into the orchestra from either side of the stage.
• Orchestra - A large circular or rectangular area at the center part of the

  theatre, where the play, dance, religious rites, and acting took place.
• Skene – stage
• Theatron- viewing place on the slope of a hill
• Roman Theater - The theatre of ancient Rome started in the 3rd century BC. It had varied and interesting art forms, like festival performances of street theatre, acrobatics, the staging of comedies of Plautus, and the high-verbally elaborate tragedies of Seneca. The usual themes for Roman theater plays were chariots races, gladiators, and public executions
• Roman Theater - Comedy plays were popular too in the Roman Theater from 350 to 250 BC and women were allowed to perform
• The Triumvir of Pompey - was one of the first permanent (non-wooden) theatres in Rome, whose structure was somewhat similar to the Theatron of Athens.
• During the Medieval era, theater performances were not allowed

  throughout Europe. To keep the theater alive, minstrels, though denounced

  by the Church, performed in markets, public places and festivals.
• Renaissance theater arts were characterized by a return of Classical

  Greek and Roman arts and culture. During Middle Ages, mystery plays formed a part of religious festivals in England and other parts of Europe during the Renaissance period. Morality plays and University drama were formed to recreated Athenian tragedy.
• What is in the picture?

  A) Theatre of Pompey

  
• What is in the Picture?

  Roman Chariots

  
• The famous actor and poet who emerged in this period was William Shakespeare. He was an English poet, playwright and actor and regarded as the greatest writer and dramatist in the whole world.
• Who is in the Picture?

  William Shakespeare

  
• William Shakespeare was baptized on April 26, 1564 and died on April 23, 1616
• Shakespeare was often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon".
• His works consist of about 38 plays. Some of these plays were well-loved

  Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Midsummer Night’s Dream, Cleopatra, Julius Caesar, Much Ado about Nothing. The four tragedies considered to be Shakespeare's greatest works were Hamlet, Othello, King

  Lear, and Macbeth. Other contemporary playwrights like Christopher

  Marlowe (tragedies such as Dr. Faustus and The Jew of Malta), and Thomas Kyd (The Spanish Tragedy).
• ballet was performed in public during this period. Ballet is a formalized form of dance which originated from the Italian Renaissance courts.
• What is in the Picture?

  Ballet de la Nuit (Ballet of the Night)

  
• The first formal "court ballet" ever recognized was, 'Ballet des Polonais' in 1573. A true form of royal entertainment, 'Ballet des Polonais' was commissioned by Catherine de' Medici to honor the Polish Ambassadors who visited Paris for the enthronement of King Henry in Poland.
• The three Innovations of Stage are: Proscenium, Backdrops and Commedia dell'arte
• Proscenium was developed. This is the area of a theater surrounding

  the stage opening. Arches frame and divide the stage from the

  audience.
• Backdrops for scenery were popularized by the art of painting clothes
• Commedia dell'arte or "Comedy of the Profession" was developed. It

  was quick-witted performance of the characters/players
• What is in the Picture?

  Proscenium

  
• The theater of the Baroque period is marked by the use of technology in current Broadways or commercial plays. The theater crew uses machines for special effects and scene changes which may be changed in a matter of seconds with the use of ropes and pulleys.
• Who is in the Picture?

  Francisco Vatel

  
• What is in the Picture??

  "The Teatro Regio in Turin"

  
• The Neoclassical period was a movement where the styles of Roman and Greek societies influenced the theater arts. During the Neoclassical period, the theater was characterized by its grandiosity. Costumes and sceneries were highly elaborate. The main concepts of the plays were to entertain and to teach lessons.
• An 18th-century Neoclassical theatre in Ostankino, Moscow

  
• Neoclassical Period - The concept of decorum (meaning right and proper audience behavior) was applied in this period which means classical concepts and appropriate social behavior must be observed.
• What is in the Picture?

  Limelight

  
• The first "spotlight" was used in the U.S. during this period and was called the "Limelight"
• The Theatre Regulation Act of 1843 banned drinking in legitimate

  theaters. Many tavern owners took advantage of the situation and

  renovated their establishments to accommodate live performances.