Manuel Roxas, Elpidio Quirino, Ramon Magsaysay, Carlos Garcia, and Diosdado Macapagal.
politicians who were without the landed wealth of the older generation; their power derived from education and professional talent, black market speculation, or arms and networks they acquired as guerrilla leaders during the war
Local Strongmen
Strongman of Ilocos Norte
Ferdinand Marcos
Strongman of Cotabato
Salipada Pendatun
Sugar barons of Negros Oriental
Lopez family
Essential to strongmen
Private Armies
Osmena associated himself with the __________________ and ______________
Democratic Alliance and Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas (PKP)
He led the assault on "old guard" centralizers
Manuel Roxas
The party established when Roxas and his allies splitted from the Nacionalistas
Liberal Party
accorded American entrepreneurs "parity" rights to land ownership, natural resource exploitation, and other business
The Bell Trade Act of 1946
giving the United States the right to maintain military bases in the country for 99 years and American military advisers a major role in the development of the PH military
Military Bases Agreement (1946)
How much money was given in exchange of the Military Bases Agreement
$620 million
Allocation of the $620 million
$400 mil for property damage compensation
$120 mil for reconstruction of roads
$100 mil for surplus of military property
Guerilla force led by Marcos
Maharlika
PKP rhetoric was radical and mimicked political calls emanating from ___________________
Stalinist Russia
Armed struggle of the PKP was named
HMB (Hukbong Mapagpalaya ng Bayan)
Used the ________________________ to introduce changes in AFP military organization and make it an effective counterinsurgency force.
JUSMAG (Joint United States Military Advisory Group)
project which settled ex-Huks in Lanao del Sur and Cotabato
EDCOR (The Economic Development Corporation)
In the Quirino Administration there was evidence of professional governance which was ____________________ and _______________ described as powerful tool to determine the course of economic development
The National Economic Council and Budget Commission
businessmen whose close ties to state officials gave them easy access to dollar allocation and import priviledges
new cronies
an official who demanded 10 percent from importers and businessmen who sought a license to open an import substitution business
ten percenter
which groups formed the Magsaysay-for-President movement
The Catholic Church
Professional associations
anti-communist labor and peasant groups
An election watchdog that organized teams to guard against fraud and ensure fair vote counting.
NAMFREL (National Movement for Free Elections)
The image of Ramon Magsaysay was ________ ____ _____ _____
Man of the people
this law increased the powers of the executive office; a law to impove management of the state budget; and a five-year national economic development plan
RA 997
an office that delivered government assistance to farmers
PACD Presidential Assistant for Community Development
The first NGOs in the Philippinets
Philippine Rural Reconstruction Movement (PRRM) and Philippine Rural Improvement Society (PRIS)
Garcia was considered as a "______________ nacionalista"
old line nacionalista
Garcia anchored his presidency on "________________________"
Filipino first policy
Head of the Central Bank and Monetary board in Garcia Administration
Miguel Cuaderno
an executive body charged with creating and implementing a comprehensive national economic council development plan
Program Implementation Agency (PIA)
Candidates for PIA according to Garcia
American-trained technocrats
Whose dismissal was characterized as the most devastating setback in Garcia's administration crusade against graft and corruption?
Jose W. Diokno -investigated illegal dealings between politicians and American businessman Harry Stonehill
advanced by Carl Landé and other scholars in the 1960s. The basic argument of which is that "Philippine politics revolves around interpersonal relationships - especially familial and patron-client one
Patron-client factional framework (pcf)
Identify the Parties of Each President
Corazon Aquino
Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (Struggle of Democratic Filipinos), LDP
Identify the Parties of Each President
Fidel Ramos
Lakas NUCD-UMDP
Identify the Parties of Each President
Joseph Estrada
Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino (Struggle of the Patriotic Filipino Masses, LAMMP)
Identify the Parties of Each President
Gloria Macapagal
LakasCMD
Identify the Parties of Each President
Benigno Aquino
Liberal Party (LP) under Benigno Aquino III
as a relationship in which an individual of higher socio-economic status (patron) uses his own influence and resources to provide protection or benefits, or both, for a person of lower status (client)