archi

    Cards (679)

    • Point
      Indicates a position in space, has no length, width, or depth, is static, centralized, and directionless
    • Point
      • Can serve to mark the two ends of a line, the intersection of two lines, the meeting of lines at the corner of a plane or volume, the center of a field
    • Point-generated forms
      Column, obelisk, tower, cylinder, circle, sphere
    • Two points

      Describe a line that connects them, suggest an axis perpendicular to the line they describe
    • Two points
      • The Mall in Washington D.C., Torii at Ise Shrine in Japan
    • Line
      Extended point, has length but no width or depth, can express direction, movement, and growth
    • Line
      • Can join, link, support, surround, or intersect other visual elements, describe the edges of and give shape to planes, articulate the surfaces of planes
    • Orientation of a line
      Vertical line can express equilibrium, symbolize the human condition, or mark a position in space, horizontal line can represent stability, the ground plane, the horizon, or a body at rest, oblique line is dynamic and visually active
    • Vertical linear elements
      • Menhir, Column of Marcus Aurelius, Obelisk of Luxor, Bell Tower at Vuoksenniska, Selim Mosque minarets
    • Linear elements
      • Can perform structural functions like expressing movement, providing support, forming a 3D structural frame
    • Linear architectural elements
      • Axis, linear building forms, linear articulation of edges and surfaces
    • Plane
      Extended line, has length and width but no depth, shape is primary identifying characteristic
    • Plane
      • Defines the limits or boundaries of a volume, is a key element in the vocabulary of architectural design
    • Planes in architecture
      • Colonnaded facades, articulation of spatial zones with columns, trellis and pergola structures, solarium volumes
    • Line
      When extended in a direction other than its intrinsic direction, becomes a plane
    • Plane
      Conceptually has length and width, but no depth
    • Shape
      • The primary identifying characteristic of a plane
      • Determined by the contour of the line forming the edges of a plane
      • True shape of a plane only seen when viewed frontally
    • Plane
      • Surface color, pattern, and texture affect its visual weight and stability
    • Plane
      In the composition of a visual construction, serves to define the limits or boundaries of a volume
    • Types of planes in architecture
      • Overhead plane
      • Wall plane
      • Base plane
    • Overhead plane
      Can be the roof plane or the ceiling plane
    • Wall plane
      Vertical orientation, active in our normal field of vision, vital to shaping and enclosure of architectural space
    • Base plane
      Can be the ground plane or the floor plane
    • Ground plane
      • Supports all architectural construction
      • Topographical character influences building form
      • Can be manipulated to establish a podium for a building form
    • Manipulation of ground plane
      • Elevated to honor a sacred or significant place
      • Bermed to define outdoor spaces or buffer against undesirable conditions
      • Carved or terraced to provide a suitable platform on which to build
      • Stepped to allow changes in elevation to be easily traversed
    • Floor plane

      • Horizontal element that sustains the force of gravity
      • Texture and density of flooring material influences acoustical quality and feel when walking
    • Floor plane
      Shape, color, and pattern determine how it defines spatial boundaries or serves as a unifying element
    • Exterior wall planes
      • Isolate a portion of space to create a controlled interior environment
      • Provide privacy and protection from climatic elements
      • Openings reestablish connection with exterior environment
      • Mold interior space and shape exterior space
    • Exterior wall planes
      Can be articulated as the front or primary facade of a building
    • Exterior wall planes
      • Uffizi Palace, Florence
      • Piazza of San Marco, Venice
      • S. Maria Novella, Florence
    • Bearing wall structural system

      • Parallel series of walls support overhead floor or roof plane
      • Define linear slots of space with strong directional qualities
    • Bearing wall structural system
      • Peyrissac Residence, Cherchell, North Africa
      • Country House in Brick, Project, Mies van der Rohe
    • Interior wall planes
      • Govern size and shape of internal spaces or rooms
      • Visual properties, relationship to one another, and openings determine quality of spaces and degree of spatial connection
    • Interior wall planes
      • Can merge with floor or ceiling plane, or be articulated as isolated element
      • Can be passive/receding backdrop or visually active element
    • Interior wall planes
      • Concert Hall, Project, Mies van der Rohe
      • Finnish Pavilion, New York World's Fair, Alvar Aalto
    • Ceiling plane
      • Usually a visual event, may express structural form or be a detached lining
      • Can symbolize sky vault, control light/sound, alter scale of space
    • Ceiling plane
      • Hangar, Design I, Pier Luigi Nervi
      • Church at Vuoksenniska, Finland, Alvar Aalto
      • Brick House, New Canaan, Philip Johnson
    • Roof plane
      • Essential sheltering element, form and geometry established by structural spanning and shedding of elements
      • Can be hidden, merge with walls, express as single form or series, extend as overhangs
    • Roof plane
      • Dolmen
      • Robie House, Frank Lloyd Wright
      • Shodhan House, Le Corbusier
    • Planar quality of building form
      • Achieved by introducing openings that expose edges of planes
      • Planes can be differentiated by changes in color, texture, or material
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