Musculoskeletal

• Chemicals are used that degeaty b the jais bem and pai the shape and digen bertsally the destroyed Albagh RA scaly do can be
• Because there is no cure for RA at present pa mast karn to live with the disease
• How to live with RA

  1. Taking responsibility for their own health and wellbeing, with support from health professionals

  2. Taking prescribed medication

  3. Taking regular low-impact exercise to help deve stro and keep joints mobile combined with the right amount of rest to reduce the risk of flare-ups

  4. Being vaccinated against The and pneumoconcal prumonia
• The National Rheumatoid Arthritis Society (NRAS) has developed a six-week self-management programme to help patients with RA live with their condition
• NRAS also has a helpline to provide support and advice
• RA can be unpredictable-the pain and stiffness can be much woese on some days and there may be no way of knowing when a flare-up will occur
• This can lead some people to develop depression or emotions such as frustration, feat anger and resentment
• These aspects will also need to be addressed by the healthcare samn, through medication or provision of mental health services
• Biological treatments


  Smaller tailors ther with methotre or her DMARD and alysed only DMARDs have not bees elective on the own
• How treatments relieve symptoms

  1. Therapy can help to stengthen muscles and make jo me exle & peptigh

  2. Also be able to help with pain stiet asing at packs or tametaneous electrical nerve station (TENS A TENS machine delivers anal clectic pulses to the affected joist and wands the m nings
• Surgery


  1. Ligaments or tendons can be cat or released

  2. The inflamed time can be removed from the Singer jints

  3. Arthroscopy can be used to renove damaged tissue, by inserting a thin tube with a light and camera attached into the joint

  4. It may be necessary to seplace part or all of a hip, kave ce sheralder joint
• Strictly speaking, we should refer to musculor dystrophies, because these are a group of inherited conditions that cause gradual weakening of the muscles, leading to increasing levels of dabilty
• Some types eventually affect the heart or the muscles used in breathing, and this can be life theeming
• Causes of muscular dystrophy

  • Caused by stalees in fe genes for musde proteins, particulas p which strengthens the mascle item and petece from injury as they contract and tax
  • Changes to the mande fieres and interless with the muscle's ability to function
• Types of muscular dystrophy

  • Dominant inherited disorders
  • Recessive inherited disorders
  • Sex-linked inherited disorders
• Sometimes a spontaneous gene mutation can se muscular dystrophy
• Ducherne muscular dystrophy


  • Affects the limbs, muscles of the chest, abdomen, hips and shoulders
  • Causes loss of muscle, difficulty walking, difficulty breathing, difficulty swallowing
• Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy


  • Affects the muscles of the hips and shoulders
  • Causes difficulty raising the arms and climbing stairs
• Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy


  • Affects the muscles of the face, throat and neck
  • Causes difficulty swallowing and drooping eyelids