physics chap14

• Conduction


  Heat transfer through stationary matter by physical contact
• Convection


  Heat transfer by the macroscopic movement of fluid
• Emissivity


  Measure of how well an object radiates
• Greenhouse effect


  Warming of the Earth that is due to gases such as carbon dioxide and methane that absorb infrared radiation from the Earth's surface and reradiate it in all directions, thus sending a fraction of it back toward the surface of the Earth
• Heat


  The spontaneous transfer of energy due to a temperature difference
• Heat of sublimation


  The energy required to change a substance from the solid phase to the vapor phase
• Kilocalorie


  1 kilocalorie = 1000 calories
• Latent heat coefficient


  A physical constant equal to the amount of heat transferred for every 1 kg of a substance during the change in phase of the substance
• Mechanical equivalent of heat


  The work needed to produce the same effects as heat transfer
• R factor


  The ratio of thickness to the conductivity of a material
• Radiation


  Heat transfer which occurs when microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, or other electromagnetic radiation is emitted or absorbed
• Radiation energy


  Transferred by electromagnetic waves directly as a result of a temperature difference
• Rate of conductive heat transfer


  Rate of heat transfer from one material to another
• Specific heat


  The amount of heat necessary to change the temperature of 1.00 kg of a substance by 1.00 ºC
• Sublimation


  The transition from the solid phase to the vapor phase
• Thermal conductivity


  The property of a material's ability to conduct heat