Produces hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solutions with a pH range between 0 and 7. Acids will react with metals to produce a salt and hydrogen and will react with carbonates to produce a salt, water and carbon dioxide.
What is an Alkali?
Produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in aqueous solutions with a pH range between 7 and 14. Alkalis are water soluable bases.
What is neutralisation?
The reaction in which an acid and a base react together to form a salt and water. Generally, neutralisation reactions and reactions in which hydrogen ions react with hydroxide ions to form water: H+ + OH- -> H2O.
What is the pH scale?
A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. The scale ranges from 0-14 and can be measured using universal indicator or a pH probe.
What is a precipitation reaction?
A reaction in which solutions react to form an insoluble product.
What is a strong acid?
An acid which is completely ionised in an aqueous solution so that nearly all the H+ ions are released. Examples of strong acids include hydrochloric, nitric and sulfuric acids.
What is titration?
A technique used where a solution of known concentration is used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution. Titrations can be used to prepare crystals of a soluble salt.
What is a weak acid?
An acid which is only partially ionised in an aqueous solution. This means only a small number of the H+ ions are released. Examples of weak acids include ethanoic, citric and carbonic acids.
