Tudor rebellions

• When was the Lovell and Stafford rebellion?

  1486
• When was the Lambert Simnel rebellion?

  1487
• When was the Yorkshire rebellion?

  1489
• When was the Perkin Warbeck rebellion?

  1491-1499
• When was the Cornish rebellion?

  1497
• When was the Amicable Grant rebellion?

  1525
• When was the Kildare rebellion?

  1534-1537
• When was the Pilgrimage of Grace?

  1536-1537
• When was the Western rebellion?

  1549
• When was the Kett's rebellion?

  1549
• When was the Lady Jane Grey rebellion?

  1553
• When was Wyatt's rebellion?

  1554
• When was the Northern rebellion?

  1569
• When was the First Desmond rebellion?

  1569-1573
• When was the Second Desmond rebellion?

  1579-1583
• When was Tyrone's rebellion?

  1593-1603
• When was the Oxford rebellion?

  1596
• When was the Essex rebellion?

  1601
• What was the government response to Simnel?

  He began mustering troops as early as February, and the evening of 15 June the royal army of 12,000 set up camp 10 miles from the rebels. The next day at least 6000 men were killed in battle. Simnel was captured but was spared and set to work in the kitchens
• What was the government response of the Yorkshire rebellion?

  Henry VII raised a large army to march north, this unnerved the rebels who dispersed
• What was the government response to the Cornish rebellion?

  Huge army and battle at Deptford Bridge, many of the rebels died on the field, Audley was executed and Flamank was hanged, drawn and quartered, others were fined
• what tactics were used to maintain political stability?

  strong response from the monarchs

  reduction in powers of the nobles

  protecting the life of the monarch

  increasing and formalising support of nobles

  reducing peasant unrest
• How did strong response from monarchs maintain political stability?

  1534 Treason Act ordered death penalty for all those who wanted the king/queen dead

  Later changed to meaning even materials being circulated/gatherings could be deemed treason

  1581 Elizabeth renews this and adds that anyone calling people away from the monarch of church is also treason
• How did reduction in powers of nobles maintain political stability?

  Acts of Attainer - allows king to seize lands from disloyal nobles

  Further laws passed to restrict power of private gentry armies

  Creation of Star Chamber - allowed Henry to ensure that those who felt they were above the law could still be brought to order at tribunal
• How did protecting life of monarch maintain political stability?

  1532 Henry VIII used oaths to test allegiance which made his offspring successors.

  Elizabeth created a law during Mary Queen of Scots troubles that said no one could profit from their allegiance to a plot to topple her
• How did increasing and formalising support of gentry maintain political stability?

  Acts for the dissolution of the monasteries 1536 + 1540 - Henry VIII sold off lands following dissolution of the monasteries to nobles and gentry which guaranteed their support and linked their wealth to their allegiance to the king
• How does reducing peasant unrest maintain political stability?

  Enclosure acts - 6 acts during Tudor reign to clamp down on illegal enclosure and illegal conversion of arable land to grazing

  Acts to limit export of grains - under Henry VIII and Elizabeth, the aim was to pass responsibility to local government and JoP

  Privy Council issues Book of Orders to tackle food shortages and prevent hoarding of grain

  1563 Compulsory 7 year apprenticeship - tied men to trade, aimed to reduce vagrants

  Poor relief funded by poor rate
• What was the government response to the Amicable Grant?

  The tax was not collected anymore, there was no army
• What was the government response to the Pilgrimage of Grace?

  There was a royal army under the Duke of Suffolk, the gentry decided to sue for pardon and Lancaster Herald persuaded the commons to go home
• What was the government response to the Western Rebellion?

  The government sent a small force under Peter Carew with instruction to show leniency in dealing with the rebels. He failed to meet with the rebels and the burning of Crediton barns made tensions worse.

  Lord John Russel replaced Carew but he had to wait for reinforcements, Lord Grey arrived with further forces and they freed Exeter, William Herbert arrived with more forces and they made a three-pronged attack before the rebels fled.
• What was the government response of the Kett rebellion?

  The government at first offered pardons which were refused, pardons were offered a second time and only 20 of 16,000 accepted. The government eventually sent a royal army under the Duke of Warwick
• What was the government response to the Lady Jane Grey rebellion?

  Mary fled London which allowed her to reach her supporters in East Anglia, and Mary began mustering her troops. Mary gained lots of support from nobles, gentry and even Protestants, and Northumberland's army began to desert
• What was the government response to the Wyatt rebellion?

  The Earl of Huntingdon was sent to apprehend the Duke of Suffolk and ended the Leicestershire rebellion. 90 people were executed including Wyatt and the Duke of Suffolk and the innocent Lady Jane Grey. Parliament went on to prevent the coronation of Philip of Spain and Mary backed down from her intentions to disinherit the Protestant Princess Elizabeth
• What was the government response to the Northern rebellion?

  The Earl of Sussex sent out summons to raise a royal army of 1500 foot soldiers. The government moved Mary from prison to prison so she could not be freed, and the royal army of 10,000 reached the River Tees and the rebels fled across the border to Scotland
• What was the government response to the Kildare rebellion?

  Henry VIII dispatched a force under Sir William Skeffington who quickly restored Dublin. Maynooth fell to the English after a six-day siege and the garrison of 40 were executed. Kildare surrendered and him and his 5 uncles were beheaded.
• What was the government response to the First Desmond rebellion?

  Humphrey Gilbert quelled the revolt savagely and efficiently by capturing 23 castles and slaughtering all their occupants.
• What was the government response to the Second Desmond rebellion?

  Elizabeth sent Lord Arthur Grey with an army of 6500 men to quash the rebellion. Grey's brutal tactics included the massacre of the garrison at Smerwick, widespread execution, and the harvest was burned and cattle slaughtered.
• Government response to the Tyrone rebellion

  1. Abortive negotiations in 1596

  2. English armies tried to break into Ulster, met with Musketeers (battle of Yellow Ford)

  3. Earl of Essex arrived in 1599 with 17000 reinforcements, dispersed in garrisons to stamp out rebellion in Munster and Leinster, unable to meet Ulster forces and signed truce with O'Neill

  4. Carew quashed rebellion in Munster by mid 1601 with conciliation and military force

  5. Tactics of Desmond wars, devastating countryside and killing civilian population
• What was the government response to the Oxford rebellion?

  Sent a warrant for the arrest of the 5 men, gagged and bound on their way to Tower of London. They were brutally interrogated where three of them died, the remaining two were hanged, drawn and quartered
• What was the government response to the Essex rebellion?

  When Essex decided to continue the rebellion after being summoned, his home was besieged and he was forced to surrender. On 25 February he was beheaded.