Brain 1A

• Central Nervous System (CNS)


  brain and spinal cord
• Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)


  spinal nerves and cranial nerves
• Efferent devision

  somatic nervous system

  autonomic nervous system
• somatic nervous system


  Division of the PNS that controls the body's skeletal muscles.
• autonomic nervous system


  the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms.
• Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF)

  choroid plexus of lateral ventricle

  circulates in ventricles and sub-arachnoid space
• function of CSF

  bathe brain and spinal chord

  protection

  nutrition for brain

  blood-brain barrier
• occipital lobe


  vision
• temporal lobe


  A region of the cerebral cortex responsible for hearing and language.
• frontal lobe


  motor functions
• cranial nerves are located in the


  brain stem
• somatic nervous system innervates

  skeletal muscle only3 multiple choice options
• Automatic Nervous System (ANS)


  the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms.
• ANS innervates


  smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands, adipose tissue
• visceral


  pertaining to the internal organs
• sensory means


  afferent3 multiple choice options
• motor means


  efferent3 multiple choice options
• alpha motor neurons innervate


  skeletal muscle3 multiple choice options
• Meninges

  three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord

  underneath skull
• CSF

  cerebral spinal fluid- Circulating Fluid, within the ventricles and sub-arachnoid space
• Where is CSF made?

  made in ventricles of the brain
• where is CSF formed

  choroid plexus of lateral ventricle
• Functions of CSF

  Cushions delicate neural structures

  Supports brain

  Transports nutrients, chemical messengers, and waste products
• Thalmus function


  Relay of sensory and motor cortex, consciousness places a role in sleep, wake cycles
• Cerebellum


  A large structure of the hindbrain that controls fine motor skills.

  coordinates muscle movement
• Dominant side of brain


  left side
• parietal lobe

  somatic sensation

  info about the world around us
• Broca's area


  speech production
• frontal cortex

  brain region that regulates personality and goal-directed behavior
• difference between SNS and ANS

  The SNS consists of motor neurons that stimulate skeletal muscles. In contrast, the ANS consists of motor neurons that control smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands.
• Brain and spinal cord encase

  Inside bone
• 3 layers of meninges

  dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
• dura mater

  thick, outermost layer of the meninges surrounding and protecting the brain and spinal cord2 multiple choice options
• arachnoid mater

  the protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord.2 multiple choice options
• pia mater

  thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges

  Creates a protective barrier around the brain

  contains nerves and blood vessels2 multiple choice options
• pia mater function

  inner most layer, contains nerves and blood vessels
• four major regions of the brain

  cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem, cerebellum
• cerebrum is composed of

  2 Cerebral Hemispheres connected via The Corpus Callosum
• Each Hemisphere specialises in certain activities, known as

  Hemispheric Lateralisation
• diencephalon


  contains thalamus and hypothalamus