bones

• The main functions of the skeletal system are:

  • Movement
  • Support/Protection of organs
  • Production of blood cells
  • Storage of minerals
  • Attachment of muscles
• The tendon connects muscles and bones.
• The ligaments connect bones to other bones and hold them in place.
• Cartilage is found at the ends of the bones and where joints meet.
• Synovial joints allow us free movement. They are connected by ligaments.
• The five types of synovial joints are:

  • Hinge
  • Ball and Socket
  • Pivot
  • Condyloid
  • Fixed/Fused
• A hinge joint is found in the elbow, knee, and ankle. They allow flexion and extension of a joint.
• Ball and socket joints are found at the shoulder and hip. They allow movement at almost every direction, but not rotation.
• Pivot joints are found in the neck between the top two vertebrae. They allow rotational movement.
• Condyloid joints are found at the wrist, and allows you to flex and extend the joint, and move it side by side.
• The different types of joint movement are:

  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Abduction
  • Adduction
• The flexion is a movement where you bend a joint, an angle of a joint decreases.
• An extension is a type of movement is when you straighten a joint, where the angle of a joint increases.
• An abduction is a movement away from the midline of the body.
• Adduction is a type of movement towards the midline of the body.
• there are two types of bone tissue - compact and spongy
• the skeleton is made up of the axial skeleton (skull, vertebral column) and appendicular skeleton (limbs)
• Fixed/Fused joints have no movement at all. An example is the skull.