The eastern art and Filipino Aesthitics worldview

• Eastern aesthetics


  Traditionally concerned with the art of living, also called living aesthetics or aesthetics of living
• Eastern philosophy


  Concerned more with the way of life, so aesthetics is part of everyday life
• Painting started from prehistoric men using red ochre and black pigment to draw hunting scenes on cave walls and stones
• Painting subjects of East Asian countries


  • Japan: Scenes from everyday life, narrative scenes crowded with figures and details
  • China: Flowers, birds, landscapes, palaces, temples, human figures, animals, bamboos, stones
  • Korea: Landscape paintings, minwa or traditional folk painting, four gracious plants (plum blossoms, orchids, chrysanthemums, bamboo), portraits
• Chinese landscape painting


  • Regarded as the highest form of Chinese painting
  • Landscape orientation represents the philosophy of harmony with the natural world
  • Linked to the concepts of heaven, earth, and yin-yang
• Silk was often used as the medium for painting in East Asia, but paper became more economical after its invention in the 1st century AD
• Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism played important roles in East Asian art
• Chinese art expresses the human understanding of the relationship between nature and humans
• Korean painting was primarily influenced by Chinese painting until the Joseon dynasty
• Calligraphy


  The art of beautiful handwriting, uses the same techniques as traditional painting with brush and ink
• Poets often write their calligraphy on paintings
• Paintings can be mounted on various media like scrolls, walls, screens, etc.
• Kanji


  The legendary inventor of Chinese writing, got ideas from observing natural phenomena
• East Asian temple and house architecture


  • Sweeping roofs to protect from elements and ward off evil spirits
  • Main types: straight, inclined, multi-inclined, and sweeping
• Wood block printing originated in China and became a highly developed visual art in Japan during the Edo period
• Ukiyo-e


  Japanese art style of wood block prints depicting scenes of everyday life and the "floating world"
• Face painting is used in East Asian theatrical performances like Kabuki, Peking Opera, and Korean mask dances
• Kabuki makeup


  Dramatic lines and shapes using colors to represent certain qualities like passion, anger, depression, youth, fear, calm, nobility
• Korean masks


  • Used in funeral services to banish evil spirits and in shamanistic rituals
  • Colors like black, red, and white symbolize age, rank, and character traits
• Masks


  Originated with religious meaning, used in funeral services to help banish evil spirits, used for shamanistic rites, became part of elaborate dances and theatrical performances
• Roles of colors in Korean masks


  • Black, red, and white symbolize bright and vibrant colors that help establish the age and status of the figure
  • Half red and half white mask symbolizes the wearer has two fathers
  • Dark faced mask indicates the character was born of an adulterous mother
  • Masks have moving parts like winking or shifting eyes and moving mouths to add to the lifelike features
• Paper


  Invented by Cai Lun of the Eastern Han Dynasty in China, one of the greatest contributions of ancient China in the development of arts
• Paper folding


  Also known as origami, the traditional Japanese art of paper folding that started in the 17th century and was popularized internationally in the mid-1900s, the goal is to transform a flat sheet of paper into a finished sculpture through folding and sculpting techniques without cutting as much as possible
• Paper folding


  • Paper crane, the best known Japanese origami
• Paper cutting


  Symmetrical in design, adapts the 12 animals of the Chinese zodiac as themes and motives, mostly chooses the red color, the process is aided by scissors or knife and other sharp flat cutters
• Chinese Buddhists believe that hanging window flowers or decorative paper cuttings attract good luck and drive away evil spirits
• Kites


  Assembled or joined aircraft traditionally made of silk or paper with a bow line and resilient bamboo, can be made of plastic and flown for recreational purposes and display of artistic skills, originated in Weifang, Shandong according to Joseph Needham
• Korean knot tying

  Also known as made up or called to ray or double connection knot, often called Korean knot work or Korean knots
• In Japan, knot tying is called hana musubi and emphasizes on braids and focuses on individual knots
• Filipino worldview


  A way people look at the universe or the people's picture of the universe that lies deep in the heart of a culture, a system of symbols and meanings people use to organize their ideas which they express through language
• Ganda (beauty)


  About the totality of the person which is the physical appearance or the social behavior, ganda and buti are interchangeable terms, aesthetic taste involves moral judgment
• Categories of ganda


  • Lag (gorgeousness, magnificence)
  • Alindog (you are lovely)
  • Triket (you are making regent and ning ning)
• Ganda as a phenomenon


  An affective phenomenon judged in terms of the emotion or sentiment it invokes from the perceiver, a behavioral and ethical phenomenon judged in terms of action, public appearance or human relation, a physical phenomenon judged as a concrete entity with physical attributes, a capability phenomenon judged as the ability to perform work or do things
• Fernando Amorsolo described the ideal Filipina beauty as having a rounded face, exceptionally lively eyes, a firm and strongly marked nose, and a clear skin or fresh color type