Renal & Urinary System Ia

• The clinical manifestations of nephrolithiasis are renal colic and haematuria without RBC casts.
• A characteristic feature of malignant hypertension is hyperplastic atherosclerosis with onion skin lesions
• The main cause of thrombotic microangiopathies is childhood haemolytic uremic syndrome caused by Shiga - toxin producing E. coli
• Membranous nephropathy has spike and dome appearance
• MPGN has tram track or double contour appearance
• Crescent formation in post strep GN